List of Heads of State (Presidents, Directors and Dictators, etc.) of Argentina.
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office; names in bold indicates a nickname (etc.) by which the individual is commonly known)
After Independence
After its independence in 1816, Argentina was a federation without an effective central government. In those years, it was first known as Provincias Unidas del Rio de la Plata (United Provinces of the River Plate) and later as Provincias Unidas de Sud America (United Provinces of South America).
The first Presidential Government
After an unsuccessful attempt of establishing a constitution in 1819, a new constitution was established in 1826, the first one creating a figure of President for the executive power of the country. This constitution, however, was short-lived, mainly because of grave conflict with Brazil, which moved its first president to resignation and caused the dissolution of this executive position shortly after.
The Argentine Confederation
After the dissolution of the Presidential Government, Argentina was without an effective central government for another 28 years. By that time, the country began to be commonly known as Confederacion Argentina (Argentine Confederation). The role most near to that of a president was the role of the Governor of the Province of Buenos Aires, who, apart of being governor of his province, was designated by the other provinces as 'Chairman of Foreign Relations' with foreign states. The last Chairman of Foreign Relations, Juan Manuel de Rosas stood in power for a long period of time, and he was derrocated by his General-in-Chief Justo Jose de Urquiza, which lead to a transitional period before the next presidential period began.
The Argentine Republic
The last Chairman of Foreign Relations, Justo Jose de Urquiza, organized a constitutional convention that composed the Constitution of 1853. This constitution resuscitated the figure of the President, and the presidents elected hereafter are often described as 'constitutional presidents', as they portray the presidential figure as described by the constitution that, through its amendments, is still effective in Argentina to this day.
In the Battle of Pavon, the rivalry between the Argentine Republic and the State of Buenos Aires was decided in favour of the latter entity, resulting in the dissolution of the national authorities of Argentina. The victor Governor of Buenos Aires, Bartolome Mitre, acted as president then, and elections later ratified him in his charge, becoming then the first president of a united Argentina. It was by this time that the country became commonly known as Republica Argentina (Argentine Republic).
The governments hereafter are regarded by most historians (except obviously for governments established by coup d'etats) as being the ones that were elected by free and universal vote.
In 1930 the first military coup d'etat occurred in Argentine history. The resulting leader, who assumed the title of president, was followed in the charge by other presidents who, as regarded by most historians, were not elected by transparent vote as the presidents who had preceded them.
In 1943, another coup d'etat occurred, bringing in a new line of military presidents:
After the de facto government, a new president was elected by popular vote, one who amended the constitution enabling his reelection, and stood in power for nine years until he was deposed:
1955 military coup, also known as Revolucion Libertadora (Liberating Revolution):
Restoration of an elected president, later deposed by a coup, succeeded by constitutional mechanisms, and this president succeeded by free election, later deposed:
1966 military coup, known as Revolucion Argentina (Argentine Revolution):
New democratical restoration, short-lived because of political turmoil:
1976 military coup, known as Proceso de Reorganizacion Nacional, the last coup of this kind recorded in Argentine history to this day:
The year 1983 recorded the last transition from military to civil elected authorities in Argentine history, also known as the 'Return of democracy':
A new constitutional amendment in 1994 re-enabled presidential reelection (abolished in 1957), leading to a second term of the current president. The succeeding president, Fernando de la Rua, resigned due to the Argentine economic crisis, leading to a line of interim presidents, concluding in the election of the current president as of 2003:
Affiliations
External links
- Rulers.org — Argentina list of rulers for Argentina
See also
Other pages about Argentina-related lists
-El Gen Argentino -List of Argentina-related articles -List of Argentina-related topics -List of Argentine writers -List of Argentines -List of Heads of State of Argentina -List of earthquakes in Argentina -List of islands of Argentina -List of mammals of Argentina -List of mountains in Argentina -List of political parties in Argentina -List of ports in Argentina -List of rivers of Argentina -List of town tramway systems in Argentina -Timeline of Argentine history
Other pages about Presidents of Argentina
-Adolfo Rodriguez Saa -Agustin Pedro Justo -Alejandro Agustin Lanusse -Alfredo Oscar Saint Jean -Arturo Frondizi -Arturo Rawson -Arturo Umberto Illia -Bartolome Mitre -Bernardino Rivadavia -Carlos Lacoste -Carlos Menem -Carlos Pellegrini -Domingo Faustino Sarmiento -Edelmiro Julian Farrell -Eduardo Camano -Eduardo Duhalde -Eduardo Lonardi -Fernando de la Rua -Hector Jose Campora -Hipolito Yrigoyen -Isabel Martinez de Peron -Jorge Rafael Videla -Jose Domingo Molina Gomez -Jose Evaristo Uriburu -Jose Felix Uriburu -Jose Figueroa Alcorta -Jose Maria Guido -Juan Carlos Ongania -Juan Esteban Pedernera -Juan Peron -Juan Ramon Balcarce -Julio Argentino Roca -Justo Jose de Urquiza -Leopoldo Galtieri -List of Heads of State of Argentina -List of Presidents Of Argentina -Luis Saenz Pena -Manuel Quintana -Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear -Miguel Juarez Celman -Nestor Kirchner -Nicolas Avellaneda -Pedro Eugenio Aramburu -Pedro Pablo Ramirez -President of Argentina -Ramon Castillo -Ramon Puerta -Raul Alberto Lastiri -Raul Alfonsin -Reynaldo Bignone -Roberto Eduardo Viola -Roberto M. Levingston -Roberto Maria Ortiz -Roque Saenz Pena -Santiago Derqui -Vicente Lopez y Planes -Victorino de la Plaza
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article List_of_Heads_of_State_of_Argentina
