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Ancud
Ancud is a city in southern Chile located in the northernmost part of the island and province of Chiloe, in Los Lagos Region (Chile's eleventh region from north to south).
Geography and Demography
The population of the municipality comuna of Ancud was 39,946 according to the 2002 INE Census while that of the city proper amounted to 27,292 people. Two thirds of the population of the comuna live in urban centers while one third live in rural areas. The comuna has a surface of 1,752 km and a population density of 22,8 and is bordered on the north, west and northeast by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Quemchi, and on the south by Dalcahue.
History
Between 1767 and 1982, Ancud was the capital of the province of Chiloe and in 1840 became the see of a Catholic diocese.
Ancud was founded on August 20, 1767 under the reign of Don Carlos III. The viceroy of Peru, Manuel de Amat y Juniet, was commanded to fortify the north end of the island of Chiloe; he instructed the Brigadier Don Carlos de Beranger y Renaud to raise a fort on the north-western tip of the island. The fort was intended to defend navigation around the southern tip of South America from English threats.
Beranger, who was named governor of Chiloe, founded the Villa y Fuerte Real de San Carlos de Chiloe in 1768. He moved the inhabitants of Chacao to the new settlement and from that moment the new town became the seat of the governor and the main port of the island, like Antemural of Spanish America in its Southern possessions, beginning an incessant policy of fortifications of the bay, by means of the installation of equipped with artillery batteries that constituted an important defensive complex, that he had in the castle from San Miguel Agui to his main strength. As of 1784 the villa of San Carlos was the seat of Intendance of Chiloe, erected in that year, employee of the virreinato of the Peru, whose first holder was Stolen Francisco of the Pine.
Initiated by the alterations derived from the junta in the Kingdom of Chile, Chiloe stayed faithful to the Crown and thus, by order of the viceroy Abascal, it disembarked from the Villa y Fuerte Real in 1813 Brigadier Don Even Antonio with the order to form an expedition to recover the real power in the Kingdom of Chile. Formed east army in Chiloe it left from the villa and Real Fort of San Carlos towards Valdivia and from initiated the combats against the independentistas of the kingdom of Chile there, that culminated with the defeat of these in in call Disaster of Rancagua and the later victorious entrance of chilotes in the city of Santiago the 5 of October of 1814.
Produced the independence of Chile, it continued faithful Chiloe to the monarchy and under governing Don Antonio de Quintanilla, from the villa and Real Fort of San Carlos the defense of Chiloe as opposed to the attack of Lord Cochrane was organized, that was defeated when trying to assault the castle of San Miguel de Agui 1820. Years later the expedition directed by Ramon Freire would be defeated in the battle of Mocopulli (1 of April of 1824) and only two years later the Chilean troops would overcome the resistance chilota in the fields of Pudeto and Bellavista (14 of January of 1826), after which the Treaty of Tantauco was agreed, that it sealed the annexation from Chiloe to the republic of Chile.
Annexed Chiloe to the Republic of Chile, it assumed like governor colonel Jose Santiago de Aldunate (1826) who few months later was catched in the villa of San Carlos de Chiloe by sergeant major Manuel Sources, that made reunite to an assembly the 12 of May of 1826 and declared to free Chiloe of the other provinces of Chile, but this movement was choked the 19 of July of that same year.
Only years later, by virtue of the law of the 4 of July of 1834 the title of capital city and declaring it of the province of Chiloe changed to the nameto the villa of San Carlos de Chiloe by the one of Ancud, giving him to it . Six years later, the Pope Gregorio XVI, by virtue of bula Ubi primum, of 1 of 1840 July, erected the diocese of San Carlos de Ancud locating the episcopal chair in the city of Ancud, whose first titular bishop was Dominican the Right Donoso Vivanco, important canon lawyer, later bishop of the Night love song and minister of justice, cult and public instruction.
During century XIX now the city of Ancud was characterized by one active commercial life, as a result of an intense marine commerce, that began to decay when the opening of the Panama Canal took place. In the first years of century XX an important colony of settlers settled down in the neighborhoods of the city of Ancud, specially, Germans, who gave a new impulse to the commerce, agriculture, cattle ranch and education, without damage of which the arrival from the railroad to Montt Port in 1912 marked a little while of crisis for the commercial activity of Ancud, that began a slow decay.
The education in Ancud received a fort impulse during century XIX with the foundation of the Council Seminary of Ancud the 13 of April of 1845, under the episcopado one of monsignor Justo Donoso, and soon with the foundation of the "Grammar school of Ancud" the 11 of October of 1868 and just a short time later with the arrival to the city of the nuns of the Congregation of the Immaculate Conception the 3 of November of 1874.
When being implanted the regionalizacion (1982) Ancud stopped being the capital of the province of Chiloe, although for judicial effects its Court of Letters has rank of Court of province capital.
Sites of Interest
Hard San Antonio is located to 800 [ [ Meter|m ] ] of the seat of arms by Baquedano street until San Antonio.
Powder magazine. Located to 700 meters ofthe Seat of arms in the direction of Heavy Sand.
Regional museum of Ancud. Located in front of the Seat of Arms of the city.
Quetalmahue is located to 14 km of Ancud.
[ http://www.pinguineraschiloe.cl/ Pinguineras de Punihuil ]. 25 km to the southwest of Ancud are located about.
Light Crown is located to 28 km to the northwest of the city of Ancud, in the sector of Guapilacuy.
Chepu river is located to about 30 km of Ancud and runs by the valley of the same name.
Hard Ahui is located in the peninsula of Lacuy to 39 km of Ancud.
Sanctuary of the Birds of Ancud is located in the Bay of Caulin
Administration
Ancud belongs to the 58th Electoral District n and 17 Senatorial Circumscription (the South Lakes).
It is represented in the House of Representatives of the National Congress by the deputies Claudius Alvarado of the UDI and Gabriel Ascencio of the PDC. As well, it is represented in the Senate by senators Camilo Escalona of the PS and Carlos Kuschel of RN.
See also
Churches of Chiloe
Islotes de Punihuil Natural Monument
External links
http://www.regiondeloslagos.cl
Satellite view of the Chiloe archipielago (Google maps)
Satellite view of Ancud (Google maps)
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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article Ancud
