The Royal Audience of Quito or Audiencia Real de Quito (1563-1822) was created August 29, 1563 by the King Philip II of Spain in the city of Guadalajara. The Audiencia de Quito was a Spanish Royal High Court of Justice, which had autonomous political, military, and religious jurisdiction over certain territories of the Viceroyalty that today are Ecuador, parts of northern Peru, parts of southern Colombia and the parts of northern Brazil, that were explored by the Spaniards. The Audiencia was autonomous due to the fact that seat of the Viceroyal government was too far to administer its territories effectively and power was regulated to the Audiencia by the Viceroy.Thus the audiencia was directly administered by the President and his political, military, and religious officials. Initially the Audiencia de Quito formed part of the Viceroyalty of Peru (1563 - 1717) and (1723 - 1739). Later the Audiencia formed an integral part of a newly created Viceroyalty of Nueva Granada (1717 -1723). This Viceroyalty was temporarily suppressed by the King of Spain in 1723 and the Audiencia de Quito returned to the Viceroyalty of Peru for its military protection from Spain's European enemies. Later the Audiencia de Quito was returned to the Viceroyalty of Nueva Granada when it was recreated (1739 - 1822) until it declared itself independent from Spain.
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