The Peruvian Constitution of 1993 recognised the natural resources and ecosystem variety of its country as a heritage. In 1900, the National System of Natural Areas that are protected by the Peruvian Government (SINANPE) was created. This entity depends on the National Institute of Natural Resources (INRENA). They also created a map of protection and preservation of historical - cultural heritage and nature.
This map has 49 Natural Areas (10% of the country surface) that are preserved by the Government: 8 National Parks, 8 National Reservations, 6 National Sanctuaries, 3 Historical Sanctuaries, 4 National Forests, 6 Protection Forests, 1 Communal Reservation, 2 Hunting enclosed lands and 11 Reserved Zones.
National Parks are places where the wild flora and fauna are protected and preserved. Natural resources exploitation and human settlements are forbidden.
The National Parks are:
- Cutervo It is the oldest Peruvian National Park. It was created in 1961 and it‘s located in Cajamarca. There are lots of caves in this park like San Andres Cave, where the guacharo lives - a bird in danger of extinction.
- Tingo Maria It is located in Huanuco. Its principal attraction is the Cueva de las Lechuzas (Owl Cave) where the guacharos live.
- Manu It is located in Madre de Dios and Cuzco. It's the most representative area of the Amazon biodiversity. In 1977, UNESCO recognised it as a Reserve of Biosphere and in 1987, it was pronounced as Natural Heritage of Humanity.
- Huascaran It is located in Ancash. It was also pronounced as Natural Heritage of Humanity and recognised as Reserve of Biosphere Core. The highest snow-covered mountain is here (which name is also Huascaran and has 6 000 m.). This park is the habitat of the Puya raimondi, the American panther or puma, the Jaguar, the Llama, the Guanaco, the Marsh Deer, the Peruvian Tapir, the Peruvian Piedtail, a hummingbird species, and many kinds of ducks, including the Southern Pochard.
- Cerros de Amotape (Amotape Hills) It is located in Piura and Tumbes. It has a lot of dry-climate forests and some on danger species like the American Crocodile.
- Abiseo River It is located in San Martin. UNESCO pronounced it as Natural and Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
- Yanachaga-Chemillen It is located in Pasco. It is a preservation zone of tropical forests that are at 4 800 m. The Palcazu river, Huancabamba river, Pozuzo river and their affluents flows through this National Park. Some native communities still live in here. There are also some archaeological fields from the Inca and Yanesha cultures.
- Bahuaja-Sonene It is located in Madre de Dios. It has the tropical forests of Puno, the Heath Pampas and a part from the Reservation Zone Tambopata-Candamo.
The National Reservations and Protection and Spreading Areas of wild fauna are:
- Pampa Galeras – Barbara D’Achille It is located in Ayacucho and it is the habitat of the vicuna.
- Junin It is located in Junin. One of its main purposes is to protect the ecosystem and biodiversity of Junin lake.
- Paracas It is located in Ica. Its main purpose is to preserve the sea ecosystem and protect the historical - cultural heritage.
- Lachay It is located in Lima. Its main purpose is to restore and protect the ecosystem of the Lomas de Lachay (Lachay hills).
- Pacaya-Samiria It is located in Loreto. Its main purpose is to preserve the ecosystems of the Omagua Region and to promote the indigenous towns.
- Salinas and Aguada Blanca They are located in Arequipa and Moquegua. Their main purpose is to preserve the flora, fauna and the landscapes formation.
- Calipuy It is located in La Libertad. Its main purpose is to protect the guanaco’s populations.
- Titicaca It is located in Puno. Its main purpose is to preserve the ecosystems and landscapes of the Titicaca lake.
The others units of protection and preservation of historical - cultural heritage and nature are the following:
National Sanctuaries
- Huayllay
- Calipuy
- Lagunas de Mejia (The Mejia lagoon)
- Ampay
- Manglares de Tumbes (The mangrove swamps of Tumbes)
- Tabacones Namballe
Historical Sanctuaries
- Chacramarca
- Pampas de Ayacucho (The Pampas of Ayacucho)
- Machu Picchu
National Forests
- Biabo Cordillera Azul (The Biabo Blue Mountain Range)
- Mariscal Caceres
- Pastaza–Morona–Maranon
- Alexander von Humboldt
Protection Forests
- Aledano Bocatoma del Canal Nuevo Imperial (Aledano Intake of the New Imperial Canal)
- Puquio Santa Rosa (Santa Rosa spring of water)
- Pui–Pui
- San Matias–San Carlos
- Alto Mayo
- Pagaibamba
Communal Reservation
Hunting enclosed lands
Reserved Zones
- Manu
- Laquipampa
- Apurimac
- Pantanos de Villa (The swamps of Villa)
- Tambopata–Candamo
- Batan Grande
- Algarrobal El Moro (El Moro carob tree groved)
- Tumbes
- Gueppi
- Chancaybanos
- Aymuru Lupaca
External links
Other pages about Geography of Peru
-Alto Maranon -Cajamarquilla -Climate of Peru -Extreme points of Peru -Geography of Peru -Huari, Peru -Huayco -ISO 3166-2:PE -La Jalca (Peru) -Laguna de las Momias -List of Biosphere Reserves in Peru -Lomas de Lachay -Mameria -Municipalities of Peru -Natural and Cultural Peruvian Heritage -Nazca Lines -Norte Chico (Peruvian region) -Olmos-Maranon Route -Paso de Porculla -Pongos in Amazonas -Pueblos jovenes -Punta Arenas, Peru -Touristic corridor of the Utcubamba river -Tres Fronteras -Yanesha Communal Reservation
Other pages about National parks of Peru
-Aymara Lupaca Reserved Zone -Bahuaja-Sonene National Park -Batan Grande Reserved Zone -Cerros de Amotape National Park -Cutervo National Park -El Angolo Hunting enclosed land -Huascaran National Park -Laquipampa Reserved Zone -List of national parks in Peru -Machu Picchu -Manu National Park -Natural and Cultural Peruvian Heritage -Rio Abiseo National Park -Sunchubamba Hunting enclosed land -Tingo Maria National Park -Yanachaga–?
Other pages about World Heritage Sites in Peru
-Arequipa -Chan Chan -Chavin de Huantar -Cusco -Historic Centre of Lima -Huascaran National Park -Lima District -Machu Picchu -Manu National Park -Natural and Cultural Peruvian Heritage -Nazca Lines -Rio Abiseo National Park
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article Natural_and_Cultural_Peruvian_Heritage
