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List of birds of Ecuador

This is a list of the bird species recorded in Ecuador. The avifauna of Ecuador includes a total of 1663 species, of which 16 are endemic, 2 have been introduced by humans, and 19 are rare or accidental. 77 species are globally threatened.

This list's taxonomic treatment and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follows the conventions of Clements's 5th edition. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflect this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Introduced and accidental species are included in the total counts for Ecuador.

The following tags have been used to highlight certain relevant categories. It must be noted that not all species fall into one of these categories. Those that do not are commonly occurring, native species.

(A) Accidental A species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Ecuador.

(E) Endemic A species endemic to Ecuador.

(I) Introduced A species introduced to Ecuador as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions.

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Tinamous

Order: Tinamiformes

Family: Tinamidae

The tinamous are one of the most ancient groups of bird. Although they look similar to other ground-dwelling birds like quail and grouse, they have no close relatives and are classified as a single family Tinamidae within their own order, the Tinamiformes. They are distantly related to the ratites (order Struthioniformes), that includes the rheas, emu, and kiwi. There are 47 species worldwide and 16 species which occur in Ecuador.

Gray Tinamou Tinamus tao

Great Tinamou Tinamus major

White-throated Tinamou Tinamus guttatus

Highland Tinamou Nothocercus bonapartei

Tawny-breasted Tinamou Nothocercus julius

Berlepsch's Tinamou Crypturellus berlepschi

Cinereous Tinamou Crypturellus cinereus

Little Tinamou Crypturellus soui

Brown Tinamou Crypturellus obsoletus

Undulated Tinamou Crypturellus undulatus

Pale-browed Tinamou Crypturellus transfasciatus

Variegated Tinamou Crypturellus variegatus

Bartlett's Tinamou Crypturellus bartletti

Tataupa Tinamou Crypturellus tataupa

Andean Tinamou Nothoprocta pentlandii

Curve-billed Tinamou Nothoprocta curvirostris

Penguins

Order: Sphenisciformes

Family: Spheniscidae

The penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater. There are 17 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Ecuador.

Humboldt Penguin Spheniscus humboldti

Galapagos Penguin Spheniscus mendiculus

Grebes

Order: Podicipediformes

Family: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large sized freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes, and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. There are 20 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Ecuador.

Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus

Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps

Silvery Grebe Podiceps occipitalis

Albatrosses

Order: Procellariiformes

Family: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are among the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds. There are 21 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Ecuador.

Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans

Waved Albatross Phoebastria irrorata

Black-footed Albatross Phoebastria nigripes

Black-browed Albatross Thalassarche melanophris

Shy Albatross Thalassarche cauta

Shearwaters and Petrels

Order: Procellariiformes

Family: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized 'true petrels', characterised by united nostrils with a medium septum, and a long outer functional primary. There are 75 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Ecuador.

Antarctic Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus

Hall's Giant Petrel Macronectes halli

Southern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialoides

Cape Petrel Daption capense

Mottled Petrel Pterodroma inexpectata

Galapagos Petrel Pterodroma phaeopygia

Defilippe's Petrel Pterodroma defilippiana

Gould's Petrel Pterodroma leucoptera

Antarctic Prion Pachyptila desolata

White-chinned Petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis

Parkinson's Petrel Procellaria parkinsoni

Pink-footed Shearwater Puffinus creatopus

Flesh-footed Shearwater Puffinus carneipes

Wedge-tailed Shearwater Puffinus pacificus

Buller's Shearwater Puffinus bulleri

Sooty Shearwater Puffinus griseus

Audubon's Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri

Storm-Petrels

Order: Procellariiformes

Family: Hydrobatidae

The storm-petrels are relatives of the petrels, and are the smallest of sea-birds. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. There are 21 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Ecuador.

Wilson's Storm-Petrel Oceanites oceanicus

White-vented Storm-Petrel Oceanites gracilis

White-faced Storm-Petrel Pelagodroma marina

White-bellied Storm-Petrel Fregetta grallaria

Polynesian Storm-Petrel Nesofregetta fuliginosa

Least Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma microsoma

Wedge-rumped Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma tethys

Band-rumped Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma castro (A)

Leach's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa

Markham's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma markhami

Black Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma melania

Ashy Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma homochroa (A)

Ringed Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma hornbyi

Tropicbirds

Order: Pelecaniformes

Family: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus

Pelicans

Order: Pelecaniformes

Family: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under the beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes. There are 8 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Ecuador.

Peruvian Pelican Pelecanus thagus

Brown Pelican Pelecanus occidentalis

Boobies and Gannets

Order: Pelecaniformes

Family: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups comprise medium-to-large coastal sea-birds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 9 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Ecuador.

Blue-footed Booby Sula nebouxii

Peruvian Booby Sula variegata

Masked Booby Sula dactylatra

Nazca Booby Sula granti

Red-footed Booby Sula sula

Brown Booby Sula leucogaster

Cormorants

Order: Pelecaniformes

Family: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. There are 38 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Ecuador.

Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus

Guanay Cormorant Phalacrocorax bougainvillii

Flightless Cormorant Phalacrocorax harrisi

Darters

Order: Pelecaniformes

Family: Anhingidae

Darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged.

The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving. There are 4 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Anhinga Anhinga anhinga

Frigatebirds

Order: Pelecaniformes

Family: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large sea-birds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black and white or completely black, with long wings and deeply-forked tails. The males have inflatable coloured throat pouches. They do not swim or walk, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan to body weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. There are 5 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Ecuador.

Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens

Great Frigatebird Fregata minor

Bitterns, Herons and Egrets

Order: Ciconiiformes

Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in Ecuador.

Capped Heron Pilherodius pileatus

Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias

Cocoi Heron Ardea cocoi

Great Egret Ardea alba

Tricolored Heron Egretta tricolor

Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea

Snowy Egret Egretta thula

Little Egret Egretta garzetta

Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis

Striated Heron Butorides striata

Lava Heron Butorides sundevalli

Green Heron Butorides virescens

Agami Heron Agamia agami

Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax

Yellow-crowned Night-Heron Nyctanassa violacea

Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearius

Fasciated Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma fasciatum

Rufescent Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma lineatum

Zigzag Heron Zebrilus undulatus

Stripe-backed Bittern Ixobrychus involucris

Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis

Pinnated Bittern Botaurus pinnatus

Storks

Order: Ciconiiformes

Family: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute; bill-clattering is an important mode of stork communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Ecuador.

Wood Stork Mycteria americana

Jabiru Jabiru mycteria

Ibises and Spoonbills

Order: Ciconiiformes

Family: Threskiornithidae

The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. There are 36 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Ecuador.

Andean Ibis Theristicus branickii

Black-faced Ibis Theristicus melanopis

Green Ibis Mesembrinibis cayennensis

Bare-faced Ibis Phimosus infuscatus

White Ibis Eudocimus albus

Scarlet Ibis Eudocimus ruber

Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus (A)

Roseate Spoonbill Platalea ajaja

Flamingos

Order: Phoenicopteriformes

Family: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet high, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. They are more numerous in the latter. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly-shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume, and are uniquely used upside-down. There are 6 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Ecuador.

Caribbean Flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber

Chilean Flamingo Phoenicopterus chilensis

Screamers

Order: Anseriformes

Family: Anhimidae

The screamers are a small family of birds related to the ducks. They are large, bulky birds, with a small downy head, long legs and large feet which are only partially webbed. They have large spurs on their wings which are used in fights over mates and territorial disputes. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Horned Screamer Anhima cornuta

Ducks, Geese and Swans

Order: Anseriformes

Family: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating. There are 131 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Ecuador.

Fulvous Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna bicolor

White-faced Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna viduata

Black-bellied Whistling-Duck Dendrocygna autumnalis

Orinoco Goose Neochen jubata

Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata

Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos

Brazilian Teal Amazonetta brasiliensis

Torrent Duck Merganetta armata

Speckled Teal Anas flavirostris

Yellow-billed Pintail Anas georgica

White-cheeked Pintail Anas bahamensis

Blue-winged Teal Anas discors

Cinnamon Teal Anas cyanoptera

Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata

Southern Pochard Netta erythrophthalma

Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis

Masked Duck Nomonyx dominica

Andean Duck Oxyura ferruginea

New World vultures

Order: Falconiformes

Family: Cathartidae

The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carrion. There are 7 species worldwide, all of which are found only in the Americas, and 5 species which occur in Ecuador.

Black Vulture Coragyps atratus

Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura

Greater Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes melambrotus

Andean Condor Vultur gryphus

King Vulture Sarcoramphus papa

Osprey

Order: Falconiformes

Family: Pandionidae

The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

Osprey Pandion haliaetus

Hawks, Kites and Eagles

Order: Falconiformes

Family: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide and 49 species which occur in Ecuador.

Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayanensis

Hook-billed Kite Chondrohierax uncinatus

Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus

Pearl Kite Gampsonyx swainsonii

White-tailed Kite Elanus leucurus

Snail Kite Rostrhamus sociabilis

Slender-billed Kite Rostrhamus hamatus

Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus

Rufous-thighed Kite Harpagus diodon

Mississippi Kite Ictinia mississippiensis

Plumbeous Kite Ictinia plumbea

Cinereous Harrier Circus cinereus

Gray-bellied Goshawk Accipiter poliogaster

Tiny Hawk Accipiter superciliosus

Semicollared Hawk Accipiter collaris

Plain-breasted Hawk Accipiter ventralis

Bicolored Hawk Accipiter bicolor

Crane Hawk Geranospiza caerulescens

Plumbeous Hawk Leucopternis plumbeus

Slate-colored Hawk Leucopternis schistaceus

Barred Hawk Leucopternis princeps

Black-faced Hawk Leucopternis melanops

Semiplumbeous Hawk Leucopternis semiplumbeus

White Hawk Leucopternis albicollis

Gray-backed Hawk Leucopternis occidentalis

Mangrove Black-Hawk Buteogallus subtilis

Great Black-Hawk Buteogallus urubitinga

Savanna Hawk Buteogallus meridionalis

Harris's Hawk Parabuteo unicinctus

Black-collared Hawk Busarellus nigricollis

Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle Geranoaetus melanoleucus

Solitary Eagle Harpyhaliaetus solitarius

Gray Hawk Asturina nitida

Roadside Hawk Buteo magnirostris

Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus

White-rumped Hawk Buteo leucorrhous

Short-tailed Hawk Buteo brachyurus

White-throated Hawk Buteo albigula

Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsoni

Galapagos Hawk Buteo galapagoensis

Red-backed Hawk Buteo polyosoma

Puna Hawk Buteo poecilochrous

Zone-tailed Hawk Buteo albonotatus

Crested Eagle Morphnus guianensis

Harpy Eagle Harpia harpyja

Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle Spizastur melanoleucus

Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus

Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus

Black-and-chestnut Eagle Oroaetus isidori

Caracaras and Falcons

Order: Falconiformes

Family: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide and 19 species which occur in Ecuador.

Black Caracara Daptrius ater

Red-throated Caracara Ibycter americanus

Carunculated Caracara Phalcoboenus carunculatus

Mountain Caracara Phalcoboenus megalopterus

Northern Caracara Caracara cheriway

Yellow-headed Caracara Milvago chimachima

Laughing Falcon Herpetotheres cachinnans

Barred Forest-falcon Micrastur ruficollis

Plumbeous Forest-falcon Micrastur plumbeus

Lined Forest-falcon Micrastur gilvicollis

Slaty-backed Forest-falcon Micrastur mirandollei

Collared Forest-falcon Micrastur semitorquatus

Buckley's Forest-falcon Micrastur buckleyi

American Kestrel Falco sparverius

Aplomado Falcon Falco femoralis

Merlin Falco columbarius

Bat Falcon Falco rufigularis

Orange-breasted Falcon Falco deiroleucus

Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus

Guans, Chachalacas and allies

Order: Galliformes

Family: Cracidae

The Cracidae are large birds, similar in general appearance to turkeys. The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chachalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats. They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have colourful facial ornaments. There are 50 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in Ecuador.

Rufous-headed Chachalaca Ortalis erythroptera

Speckled Chachalaca Ortalis guttata

Bearded Guan Penelope barbata

Baudo Guan Penelope ortoni

Andean Guan Penelope montagnii

Crested Guan Penelope purpurascens

White-winged Guan Penelope albipennis

Spix's Guan Penelope jacquacu

Blue-throated Piping-Guan Pipile cumanensis

Wattled Guan Aburria aburri

Sickle-winged Guan Chamaepetes goudotii

Nocturnal Curassow Nothocrax urumutum

Salvin's Curassow Mitu salvini

Great Curassow Crax rubra

Wattled Curassow Crax globulosa

New World quails

Order: Galliformes

Family: Odontophoridae

The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits. There are 32 species worldwide, all found only in the Americas, and 6 species which occur in Ecuador.

Marbled Wood-Quail Odontophorus gujanensis

Rufous-fronted Wood-Quail Odontophorus erythrops

Dark-backed Wood-Quail Odontophorus melanonotus (E)

Rufous-breasted Wood-Quail Odontophorus speciosus

Starred Wood-Quail Odontophorus stellatus

Tawny-faced Quail Rhynchortyx cinctus

Hoatzin

Order: Opisthocomiformes

Family: Opisthocomidae

The Hoatzin is pheasant-sized - but much slimmer - long-tailed, long-necked and has a small head. It has an unfeathered blue face with red eyes, and its head is topped by spiky crest. It is a weak flier which is found in the swamps of the Amazon and Orinoco rivers.

Hoatzin Opisthocomus hoazin

Limpkins

Order: Gruiformes

Family: Aramidae

The Limpkin resembles a large rail. It has drab brown plumage and a greyer head and neck.

Limpkin Aramus guarauna

Trumpeters

Order: Gruiformes

Family: Psophiidae

The trumpeters are dumpy birds with long necks and legs, and chicken-like bills. They are named for the trumpeting call of the males. There are 3 species worldwide, restricted to the Amazon basin, and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Gray-winged Trumpeter Psophia crepitans

Rails, Crakes, Gallinules, and Coots

Order: Gruiformes

Family: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide and 26 species which occur in Ecuador.

Chestnut-headed Crake Anurolimnas castaneiceps

Russet-crowned Crake Anurolimnas viridis

Black-banded Crake Anurolimnas fasciatus

Rufous-sided Crake Laterallus melanophaius

White-throated Crake Laterallus albigularis

Gray-breasted Crake Laterallus exilis

Galapagos Rail Laterallus spilonotus

Clapper Rail Rallus longirostris

Virginia Rail Rallus limicola

Rufous-necked Wood-Rail Aramides axillaris

Gray-necked Wood-Rail Aramides cajanea

Brown Wood-Rail Aramides wolfi

Red-winged Wood-Rail Aramides calopterus

Uniform Crake Amaurolimnas concolor

Sora Porzana carolina

Yellow-breasted Crake Porzana flaviventer

Colombian Crake Neocrex colombianus

Paint-billed Crake Neocrex erythrops

Spotted Rail Pardirallus maculatus

Blackish Rail Pardirallus nigricans

Plumbeous Rail Pardirallus sanguinolentus

Purple Gallinule Porphyrio martinica

Azure Gallinule Porphyrio flavirostris

Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus

American Coot Fulica americana

Slate-colored Coot Fulica ardesiaca

Sungrebe and Finfoots

Order: Gruiformes

Family: Heliornithidae

The Heliornithidae are small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet similar to those of grebes and coots. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Sungrebe Heliornis fulica

Sunbittern

Order: Gruiformes

Family: Eurypygidae

The Sunbittern is a bittern-like bird of tropical regions of the Americas, and the sole member of the family Eurypygidae (sometimes spelled Eurypigidae) and genus Eurypyga.

Sunbittern Eurypyga helias

Jacanas

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide in the Tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat. There 8 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Wattled Jacana Jacana jacana

Oystercatchers

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

American Oystercatcher Haematopus palliatus

Avocets and Stilts

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Ecuador.

Black-necked Stilt Himantopus mexicanus

American Avocet Recurvirostra americana

Thick-knees

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Peruvian Thick-knee Burhinus superciliaris

Plovers and Lapwings

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Ecuador.

Pied Lapwing Vanellus cayanus

Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis

Andean Lapwing Vanellus resplendens

Pacific Golden-Plover Pluvialis fulva (A)

American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica

Black-bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola

Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus

Wilson's Plover Charadrius wilsonia

Killdeer Charadrius vociferus

Piping Plover Charadrius melodus (A)

Snowy Plover Charadrius alexandrinus

Collared Plover Charadrius collaris

Tawny-throated Dotterel Oreopholus ruficollis

Sandpipers and allies

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Scolopacidae

The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide and 36 species which occur in Ecuador.

Wilson's Snipe Gallinago delicata

South American Snipe Gallinago paraguaiae

Puna Snipe Gallinago andina

Noble Snipe Gallinago nobilis

Andean Snipe Gallinago jamesoni

Imperial Snipe Gallinago imperialis

Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus

Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus

Hudsonian Godwit Limosa haemastica

Marbled Godwit Limosa fedoa

Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus

Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda

Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca

Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes

Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria

Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularia

Wandering Tattler Heterosceles incanus

Willet Catoptrophorus semipalmatus

Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres

Black Turnstone Arenaria melanocephala

Surfbird Aphriza virgata

Red Knot Calidris canutus

Sanderling Calidris alba

Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla

Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri

Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla

White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis

Baird's Sandpiper Calidris bairdii

Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos

Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea (A)

Dunlin Calidris alpina (A)

Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus

Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis

Wilson's Phalarope Phalaropus tricolor

Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus

Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius

Seedsnipes

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Thinocoridae

The seedsnipes are a small family of birds that superficially resemble sparrows. They have short legs and long wings and are herbivorous waders. There are 4 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Ecuador.

Rufous-bellied Seedsnipe Attagis gayi

Least Seedsnipe Thinocorus rumicivorus

Skuas and Jaegers

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants. There are 7 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Ecuador.

Chilean Skua Stercorarius chilensis

South Polar Skua Stercorarius maccormicki

Great Skua Stercorarius skua

Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus

Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus

Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus

Gulls

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes gulls and kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 55 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Ecuador.

Belcher's Gull Larus belcheri

Gray Gull Larus modestus

Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis

Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus

Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus

American Herring Gull Larus smithsonianus

Gray-headed Gull Larus cirrocephalus

Andean Gull Larus serranus

Lava Gull Larus fuliginosus

Laughing Gull Larus atricilla

Franklin's Gull Larus pipixcan

Sabine's Gull Xema sabini

Swallow-tailed Gull Creagrus furcatus

Terns

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Sternidae

Terns are a group of generally general medium to large sea-birds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Ecuador.

Gull-billed Tern Sterna nilotica

Caspian Tern Sterna caspia

Elegant Tern Sterna elegans

Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis

Royal Tern Sterna maxima

South American Tern Sterna hirundinacea

Common Tern Sterna hirundo

Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea

Least Tern Sterna antillarum

Yellow-billed Tern Sterna superciliaris

Peruvian Tern Sterna lorata

Bridled Tern Sterna anaethetus

Sooty Tern Sterna fuscata

Black Tern Chlidonias niger

Large-billed Tern Phaetusa simplex

Brown Noddy Anous stolidus

White Tern Gygis alba

Inca Tern Larosterna inca

Skimmers

Order: Charadriiformes

Family: Rynchopidae

Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Black Skimmer Rynchops niger

Pigeons and Doves

Order: Columbiformes

Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide and 28 species which occur in Ecuador.

Rock Pigeon Columba livia (I)

Scaled Pigeon Patagioenas speciosa

Band-tailed Pigeon Patagioenas fasciata

Pale-vented Pigeon Patagioenas cayennensis

Peruvian Pigeon Patagioenas oenops

Plumbeous Pigeon Patagioenas plumbea

Ruddy Pigeon Patagioenas subvinacea

Dusky Pigeon Patagioenas goodsoni

Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata

Galapagos Dove Zenaida galapagoensis

Pacific Dove Zenaida meloda

Common Ground Dove Columbina passerina

Plain-breasted Ground Dove Columbina minuta

Ecuadorian Ground Dove Columbina buckleyi

Ruddy Ground Dove Columbina talpacoti

Croaking Ground Dove Columbina cruziana

Blue Ground Dove Claravis pretiosa

Maroon-chested Ground Dove Claravis mondetoura

Black-winged Ground Dove Metriopelia melanoptera

White-tipped Dove Leptotila verreauxi

Gray-fronted Dove Leptotila rufaxilla

Pallid Dove Leptotila pallida

Ochre-bellied Dove Leptotila ochraceiventris

Sapphire Quail Dove Geotrygon saphirina

Olive-backed Quail Dove Geotrygon veraguensis

White-throated Quail Dove Geotrygon frenata

Violaceous Quail Dove Geotrygon violacea

Ruddy Quail Dove Geotrygon montana

Parrots, Macaws and allies

Order: Psittaciformes

Family: Psittacidae

Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and the have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species worldwide and 49 species which occur in Ecuador.

Blue-and-yellow Macaw Ara ararauna

Military Macaw Ara militaris

Great Green Macaw Ara ambigua

Scarlet Macaw Ara

Red-and-green Macaw Ara chloroptera

Chestnut-fronted Macaw Ara severa

Red-bellied Macaw Orthopsittaca manilata

Yellow-eared Parrot Ognorhynchus icterotis

Scarlet-fronted Parakeet Aratinga wagleri

Red-masked Parakeet Aratinga erythrogenys

White-eyed Parakeet Aratinga leucophthalmus

Dusky-headed Parakeet Aratinga weddellii

Golden-plumed Parakeet Leptosittaca branickii

Deville's Parakeet Pyrrhura lucianii

Wavy-breasted Parakeet Pyrrhura peruviana

Maroon-tailed Parakeet Pyrrhura melanura

El Oro Parakeet Pyrrhura orcesi (E)

White-necked Parakeet Pyrrhura albipectus (E)

Barred Parakeet Bolborhynchus lineola

Blue-winged Parrotlet Forpus xanthopterygius

Dusky-billed Parrotlet Forpus sclateri

Pacific Parrotlet Forpus coelestis

White-winged Parakeet Brotogeris versicolurus (A)

Gray-cheeked Parakeet Brotogeris pyrrhopterus

Cobalt-winged Parakeet Brotogeris cyanoptera

Tui Parakeet Brotogeris sanctithomae

Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlet Touit huetii

Blue-fronted Parrotlet Touit dilectissima

Sapphire-rumped Parrotlet Touit purpurata

Spot-winged Parrotlet Touit stictoptera

Black-headed Parrot Pionites melanocephala

White-bellied Parrot Pionites leucogaster

Rose-faced Parrot Pionopsitta pulchra

Orange-cheeked Parrot Pionopsitta barrabandi

Saffron-headed Parrot Pionopsitta pyrilia

Rusty-faced Parrot Hapalopsittaca amazonina

Red-faced Parrot Hapalopsittaca pyrrhops

Short-tailed Parrot Graydidascalus brachyurus

Blue-headed Parrot Pionus menstruus

Red-billed Parrot Pionus sordidus

Speckle-faced Parrot Pionus tumultuosus

Bronze-winged Parrot Pionus chalcopterus

Red-lored Amazon Amazona autumnalis

Festive Amazon Amazona festiva

Yellow-crowned Amazon Amazona ochrocephala

Orange-winged Amazon Amazona amazonica

Scaly-naped Amazon Amazona mercenaria

Mealy Amazon Amazona farinosa

Red-fan Parrot Deroptyus accipitrinus

Cuckoos and Anis

Order: Cuculiformes

Family: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Ecuador.

Black-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus

Yellow-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus americanus

Pearly-breasted Cuckoo Coccyzus euleri

Dark-billed Cuckoo Coccyzus melacoryphus

Gray-capped Cuckoo Coccyzus lansbergi

Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana

Black-bellied Cuckoo Piaya melanogaster

Little Cuckoo Piaya minuta

Greater Ani Crotophaga major

Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani

Groove-billed Ani Crotophaga sulcirostris

Striped Cuckoo Tapera naevia

Pheasant Cuckoo Dromococcyx phasianellus

Pavonine Cuckoo Dromococcyx pavoninus

Rufous-vented Ground-Cuckoo Neomorphus geoffroyi

Banded Ground-Cuckoo Neomorphus radiolosus

Red-billed Ground-Cuckoo Neomorphus pucheranii

Barn owls

Order: Strigiformes

Family: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Barn Owl Tyto alba

Typical owls

Order: Strigiformes

Family: Strigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species worldwide and 29 species which occur in Ecuador.

Tropical Screech-Owl Megascops choliba

West Peruvian Screech-Owl Megascops roboratus

Rufescent Screech-Owl Megascops ingens

Colombian Screech-Owl Megascops colombianus

Cinnamon Screech-Owl Megascops petersoni

Tawny-bellied Screech-Owl Megascops watsonii

Roraima Screech-Owl Megascops roraimae

Rio Napo Screech-Owl Megascops napensis

White-throated Screech-Owl Megascops albogularis

Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus

Mottled Owl Ciccaba virgata

Black-and-white Owl Ciccaba nigrolineata

Black-banded Owl Ciccaba huhula

Rufous-banded Owl Ciccaba albitarsus

Crested Owl Lophostrix cristata

Spectacled Owl Pulsatrix perspicillata

Band-bellied Owl Pulsatrix melanota

Cloud-forest Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium nubicola

Andean Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium jardinii

Central American Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium griseiceps

Subtropical Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium parkeri

Amazonian Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium hardyi

Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum

Peruvian Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium peruanum

Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia

Buff-fronted Owl Aegolius harrisii

Striped Owl Pseudoscops clamator

Stygian Owl Asio stygius

Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus

Oilbird

Order: Caprimulgiformes

Family: Steatornithidae

The Oilbird is a slim, long-winged bird related to the nightjars. It is nocturnal and a specialist feeder on the fruit of the Oil palm.

Oilbird Steatornis caripensis

Potoos

Order: Caprimulgiformes

Family: Nyctibiidae

The potoos (sometimes called Poor-Me-Ones) are large near passerine birds related to the nightjars and frogmouths. They are nocturnal insectivores which lack the bristles around the mouth found in the true nightjars. There are 5 species, all of which are from the South American tropical region, and 5 species which occur in Ecuador.

Great Potoo Nyctibius grandis

Long-tailed Potoo Nyctibius aethereus

Andean Potoo Nyctibius maculosus

Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus

Rufous Potoo Nyctibius bracteatus

Nightjars

Order: Caprimulgiformes

Family: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 19 species which occur in Ecuador.

Short-tailed Nighthawk Lurocalis semitorquatus

Rufous-bellied Nighthawk Lurocalis rufiventris

Sand-colored Nighthawk Chordeiles rupestris

Lesser Nighthawk Chordeiles acutipennis

Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor

Nacunda Nighthawk Podager nacunda

Band-tailed Nighthawk Nyctiprogne leucopyga

Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis

Choco Poorwill Nyctiphrynus rosenbergi

Ocellated Poorwill Nyctiphrynus ocellatus

Rufous Nightjar Caprimulgus rufus

Band-winged Nightjar Caprimulgus longirostris

Spot-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus maculicaudus

White-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus cayennensis

Scrub Nightjar Caprimulgus anthonyi

Blackish Nightjar Caprimulgus nigrescens

Lyre-tailed Nightjar Uropsalis lyra

Swallow-tailed Nightjar Uropsalis segmentata

Ladder-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis climacocerca

Swifts

Order: Apodiformes

Family: Apodidae

Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Ecuador.

Spot-fronted Swift Cypseloides cherriei

White-chinned Swift Cypseloides cryptus

Chestnut-collared Swift Streptoprocne rutila

White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris

Band-rumped Swift Chaetura spinicaudus

Gray-rumped Swift Chaetura cinereiventris

Pale-rumped Swift Chaetura egregia

Chimney Swift Chaetura pelagica

Chapman's Swift Chaetura chapmani

Short-tailed Swift Chaetura brachyura

Tumbes Swift Chaetura ocypetes

White-tipped Swift Aeronautes montivagus

Fork-tailed Palm-Swift Tachornis squamata

Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift Panyptila cayennensis

Hummingbirds

Order: Trochiliformes

Family: Trochilidae

Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards. There are 337 species worldwide and 135 species which occur in Ecuador.

White-tipped Sicklebill Eutoxeres aquila

Buff-tailed Sicklebill Eutoxeres condamini

Rufous-breasted Hermit Glaucis hirsuta

Bronzy Hermit Glaucis aenea

Band-tailed Barbthroat Threnetes ruckeri

Pale-tailed Barbthroat Threnetes niger

White-whiskered Hermit Phaethornis yaruqui

Green Hermit Phaethornis guy

White-bearded Hermit Phaethornis hispidus

Eastern Long-tailed Hermit Phaethornis superciliosus

Great-billed Hermit Phaethornis malaris

Tawny-bellied Hermit Phaethornis syrmatophorus

Straight-billed Hermit Phaethornis bourcieri

Reddish Hermit Phaethornis ruber

Black-throated Hermit Phaethornis atrimentalis

Stripe-throated Hermit Phaethornis striigularis

Gray-chinned Hermit Phaethornis griseogularis

Tooth-billed Hummingbird Androdon aequatorialis

Green-fronted Lancebill Doryfera ludovicae

Blue-fronted Lancebill Doryfera johannae

Gray-breasted Sabrewing Campylopterus largipennis

Lazuline Sabrewing Campylopterus falcatus

Napo Sabrewing Campylopterus villaviscensio

White-necked Jacobin Florisuga mellivora

Brown Violet-ear Colibri delphinae

Green Violet-ear Colibri thalassinus

Sparkling Violet-ear Colibri coruscans

Green-breasted Mango Anthracothorax prevostii

Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis

Fiery-tailed Awlbill Avocettula recurvirostris

Crimson Topaz Topaza pella

Fiery Topaz Topaza pyra

Violet-headed Hummingbird Klais guimeti

Rufous-crested Coquette Lophornis delattrei

Spangled Coquette Lophornis stictolophus

Festive Coquette Lophornis chalybeus

Wire-crested Thorntail Popelairia popelairii

Black-bellied Thorntail Popelairia langsdorffi

Green Thorntail Discosura conversii

Blue-chinned Sapphire Chlorostilbon notatus

Blue-tailed Emerald Chlorostilbon mellisugus

Narrow-tailed Emerald Chlorostilbon stenurus

Green-crowned Woodnymph Thalurania fannyi

Fork-tailed Woodnymph Thalurania furcata

Violet-bellied Hummingbird Damophila julie

Rufous-throated Sapphire Hylocharis sapphirina

White-chinned Sapphire Hylocharis cyanus

Blue-headed Sapphire Hylocharis grayi

Golden-tailed Sapphire Chrysuronia oenone

Green-tailed Goldenthroat Polytmus theresiae

Tumbes Hummingbird Leucippus baeri

Olive-spotted Hummingbird Leucippus chlorocercus

Many-spotted Hummingbird Leucippus hypostictus

Rufous-tailed Hummingbird Amazilia tzacatl

Amazilia Hummingbird Amazilia amazilia

Loja Hummingbird Amazilia alticola (E)

Andean Emerald Agyrtria franciae

Sapphire-spangled Emerald Polyerata lactea

Glittering-throated Emerald Polyerata fimbriata

Blue-chested Hummingbird Polyerata amabilis

Purple-chested Hummingbird Polyerata rosenbergi

Steely-vented Hummingbird Saucerottia saucerrottei

White-vented Plumeleteer Chalybura buffonii

Bronze-tailed Plumeleteer Chalybura urochrysia

Ecuadorian Piedtail Phlogophilus hemileucurus

Speckled Hummingbird Adelomyia melanogenys

Gould's Jewelfront Heliodoxa aurescens

Fawn-breasted Brilliant Heliodoxa rubinoides

Violet-fronted Brilliant Heliodoxa leadbeateri

Black-throated Brilliant Heliodoxa schreibersii

Pink-throated Brilliant Heliodoxa gularis

Empress Brilliant Heliodoxa imperatrix

Green-crowned Brilliant Heliodoxa jacula

White-tailed Hillstar Urochroa bougueri

Chestnut-breasted Coronet Boissonneaua matthewsii

Buff-tailed Coronet Boissonneaua flavescens

Velvet-purple Coronet Boissonneaua jardini

Shining Sunbeam Aglaeactis cupripennis

Andean Hillstar Oreotrochilus estella

Chimborazo Hillstar Oreotrochilus chimborazo (E)

Mountain Velvetbreast Lafresnaya lafresnayi

Bronzy Inca Coeligena coeligena

Brown Inca Coeligena wilsoni

Collared Inca Coeligena torquata

Buff-winged Starfrontlet Coeligena lutetiae

Violet-throated Starfrontlet Coeligena violifer

Rainbow Starfrontlet Coeligena iris

Sword-billed Hummingbird Ensifera ensifera

Great Sapphirewing Pterophanes cyanopterus

Giant Hummingbird Patagona gigas

Amethyst-throated Sunangel Heliangelus amethysticollis

Gorgeted Sunangel Heliangelus strophianus

Tourmaline Sunangel Heliangelus exortis

Little Sunangel Heliangelus micraster

Purple-throated Sunangel Heliangelus viola

Royal Sunangel Heliangelus regalis

Black-breasted Puffleg Eriocnemis nigrivestis (E)

Glowing Puffleg Eriocnemis vestitus

Black-thighed Puffleg Eriocnemis derbyi

Turquoise-throated Puffleg Eriocnemis godini (E)

Sapphire-vented Puffleg Eriocnemis luciani

Golden-breasted Puffleg Eriocnemis mosquera

Emerald-bellied Puffleg Eriocnemis alinae

Greenish Puffleg Haplophaedia aureliae

Hoary Puffleg Haplophaedia lugens

Purple-bibbed Whitetip Urosticte benjamini

Rufous-vented Whitetip Urosticte ruficrissa

Booted Racket-tail Ocreatus underwoodii

Black-tailed Trainbearer Lesbia victoriae

Green-tailed Trainbearer Lesbia nuna

Purple-backed Thornbill Ramphomicron microrhynchum

Tyrian Metaltail Metallura tyrianthina

Neblina Metaltail Metallura odomae

Violet-throated Metaltail Metallura baroni (E)

Viridian Metaltail Metallura williami

Rufous-capped Thornbill Chalcostigma ruficeps

Blue-mantled Thornbill Chalcostigma stanleyi

Rainbow-bearded Thornbill Chalcostigma herrani

Mountain Avocetbill Opisthoprora euryptera

Long-tailed Sylph Aglaiocercus kingi

Violet-tailed Sylph Aglaiocercus coelestis

Wedge-billed Hummingbird Augastes geoffroyi

Purple-crowned Fairy Heliothryx barroti

Black-eared Fairy Heliothryx aurita

Long-billed Starthroat Heliomaster longirostris

Blue-tufted Starthroat Heliomaster furcifer

Peruvian Sheartail Thaumastura cora (A)

Purple-throated Woodstar Calliphlox mitchellii

Amethyst Woodstar Calliphlox amethystina

Purple-collared Woodstar Myrtis fanny

Short-tailed Woodstar Myrmia micrura

White-bellied Woodstar Chaetocercus mulsant

Little Woodstar Chaetocercus bombus

Gorgeted Woodstar Chaetocercus heliodor

Esmeraldas Woodstar Chaetocercus berlepschi (E)

Trogons and Quetzals

Order: Trogoniformes

Family: Trogonidae

The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Ecuador.

White-tailed Trogon Trogon viridis

Violaceous Trogon Trogon violaceus

White-eyed Trogon Trogon comptus

Collared Trogon Trogon collaris

Masked Trogon Trogon personatus

Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus

Blue-crowned Trogon Trogon curucui

Black-tailed Trogon Trogon melanurus

Slaty-tailed Trogon Trogon massena

Crested Quetzal Pharomachrus antisianus

Golden-headed Quetzal Pharomachrus auriceps

Pavonine Quetzal Pharomachrus pavoninus

Kingfishers

Order: Coraciiformes

Family: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Ecuador.

Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon

Ringed Kingfisher Ceryle torquatus

Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona

Green Kingfisher Chloroceryle americana

Green-and-rufous Kingfisher Chloroceryle inda

American Pygmy Kingfisher Chloroceryle aenea

Motmots

Order: Coraciiformes

Family: Momotidae

The motmots have colorful plumage and long, graduated tails, which they display by waggling back and forth. In most of the species, the barbs near the ends of the two longest (central) tail feathers are weak and fall off, leaving a length of bare shaft, and creating a racket-shaped tail. There are 10 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Ecuador.

Blue-crowned Motmot Momotus momota

Highland Motmot Momotus aequatorialis

Rufous Motmot Baryphthengus martii

Broad-billed Motmot Electron platyrhynchum

Jacamars

Order: Piciformes

Family: Galbulidae

The jacamars are near passerine birds from tropical South America, with a range that extends up to Mexico. They are glossy elegant birds with long bills and tails, which feed on insects caught on the wing. In appearance and behaviour they show resemblances to the Old World bee-eaters, although they are more closely related to woodpeckers. There are 18 species and 9 species that occur in Ecuador.

White-eared Jacamar Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis

Brown Jacamar Brachygalba lugubris

Yellow-billed Jacamar Galbula albirostris

Rufous-tailed Jacamar Galbula ruficauda

Coppery-chested Jacamar Galbula pastazae (E)

White-chinned Jacamar Galbula tombacea

Purplish Jacamar Galbula chalcothorax

Paradise Jacamar Galbula dea

Great Jacamar Jacamerops aureus

Puffbirds

Order: Piciformes

Family: Bucconidae

The puffbirds are related to the jacamars, and have the same range, but lack the iridescent colours of that family. They are mainly brown, rufous or grey, with large heads and flattened bills with a hooked tip. The loose abundant plumage and short tails makes them look stout and puffy, giving rise to the English common name of the family. There are 34 species and 20 species which occur in Ecuador.

White-necked Puffbird Notharchus macrorhynchos

Black-breasted Puffbird Notharchus pectoralis

Pied Puffbird Notharchus tectus

Chestnut-capped Puffbird Bucco macrodactylus

Spotted Puffbird Bucco tamatia

Collared Puffbird Bucco capensis

Barred Puffbird Nystalus radiatus

Striolated Puffbird Nystalus striolatus

White-chested Puffbird Malacoptila fusca

Black-streaked Puffbird Malacoptila fulvogularis

Rufous-necked Puffbird Malacoptila rufa

White-whiskered Puffbird Malacoptila panamensis

Lanceolated Monklet Micromonacha lanceolata

Rusty-breasted Nunlet Nonnula rubecula

Brown Nunlet Nonnula brunnea

White-faced Nunbird Hapaloptila castanea

Black-fronted Nunbird Monasa nigrifrons

White-fronted Nunbird Monasa morphoeus

Yellow-billed Nunbird Monasa flavirostris

Swallow-wing Chelidoptera tenebrosa

Barbets

Order: Piciformes

Family: Capitonidae

The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured. There are 84 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Ecuador.

Scarlet-crowned Barbet Capito aurovirens

Orange-fronted Barbet Capito squamatus

Five-colored Barbet Capito quinticolor

Gilded Barbet Capito auratus

Lemon-throated Barbet Eubucco richardsoni

Red-headed Barbet Eubucco bourcierii

Toucan Barbet Semnornis ramphastinus

Toucans

Order: Piciformes

Family: Ramphastidae

Toucans are near passerine birds from the neotropics. They are brightly marked and have enormous, colourful bills which in some species may amount to half their body length. There are 40 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Ecuador.

Chestnut-tipped Toucanet Aulacorhynchus derbianus

Crimson-rumped Toucanet Aulacorhynchus haematopygus

Lettered Aracari Pteroglossus inscriptus

Green Aracari Pteroglossus viridis

Ivory-billed Aracari Pteroglossus azara

Chestnut-eared Aracari Pteroglossus castanotis

Collared Aracari Pteroglossus torquatus

Many-banded Aracari Pteroglossus pluricinctus

Plate-billed Mountain-Toucan Andigena laminirostris

Gray-breasted Mountain-Toucan Andigena hypoglauca

Black-billed Mountain-Toucan Andigena nigrirostris

Yellow-eared Toucanet Selenidera spectabilis

Golden-collared Toucanet Selenidera reinwardtii

Choco Toucan Ramphastos brevis

Channel-billed Toucan Ramphastos vitellinus

Black-mandibled Toucan Ramphastos ambiguus

Red-billed Toucan Ramphastos tucanus

Andean Toucanet Aulacorhynchus albivitta

Woodpeckers and allies

Order: Piciformes

Family: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide and 36 species which occur in Ecuador.

Bar-breasted Piculet Picumnus aurifrons

Lafresnaye's Piculet Picumnus lafresnayi

Ecuadorian Piculet Picumnus sclateri

Rufous-breasted Piculet Picumnus rufiventris

Plain-breasted Piculet Picumnus castelnau

Olivaceous Piculet Picumnus olivaceus

Black-cheeked Woodpecker Melanerpes pucherani

Yellow-tufted Woodpecker Melanerpes cruentatus

Scarlet-backed Woodpecker Veniliornis callonotus

Yellow-vented Woodpecker Veniliornis dignus

Bar-bellied Woodpecker Veniliornis nigriceps

Smoky-brown Woodpecker Veniliornis fumigatus

Little Woodpecker Veniliornis passerinus

Red-rumped Woodpecker Veniliornis kirkii

Choco Woodpecker Veniliornis chocoensis

Red-stained Woodpecker Veniliornis affinis

Lita Woodpecker Piculus litae

White-throated Woodpecker Piculus leucolaemus

Yellow-throated Woodpecker Piculus flavigula

Golden-green Woodpecker Piculus chrysochloros

Golden-olive Woodpecker Piculus rubiginosus

Crimson-mantled Woodpecker Piculus rivolii

Spot-breasted Woodpecker Colaptes punctigula

Andean Flicker Colaptes rupicola

Cinnamon Woodpecker Celeus loricatus

Scaly-breasted Woodpecker Celeus grammicus

Chestnut Woodpecker Celeus elegans

Cream-colored Woodpecker Celeus flavus

Rufous-headed Woodpecker Celeus spectabilis

Ringed Woodpecker Celeus torquatus

Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus

Powerful Woodpecker Campephilus pollens

Crimson-bellied Woodpecker Campephilus haematogaster

Red-necked Woodpecker Campephilus rubricollis

Crimson-crested Woodpecker Campephilus melanoleucos

Guayaquil Woodpecker Campephilus gayaquilensis

Ovenbirds

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Furnariidae

Ovenbirds comprise a large family of small sub-oscine passerine bird species found in Central and South America. They are a diverse group of insectivores which gets its name from the elaborate "oven-like" clay nests built by some species, although others build stick nests or nest in tunnels or clefts in rock. There are 243 species worldwide and 79 species which occur in Ecuador.

Slender-billed Miner Geositta tenuirostris

Bar-winged Cinclodes Cinclodes fuscus

Stout-billed Cinclodes Cinclodes excelsior

Pale-legged Hornero Furnarius leucopus

Bay Hornero Furnarius torridus

Lesser Hornero Furnarius minor

Andean Tit-Spinetail Leptasthenura andicola

Rufous Spinetail Synallaxis unirufa

Azara's Spinetail Synallaxis azarae

Dark-breasted Spinetail Synallaxis albigularis

Slaty Spinetail Synallaxis brachyura

Dusky Spinetail Synallaxis moesta

Plain-crowned Spinetail Synallaxis gujanensis

Maranon Spinetail Synallaxis maranonica

White-bellied Spinetail Synallaxis propinqua

Black-faced Spinetail Synallaxis tithys

Ruddy Spinetail Synallaxis rutilans

Chestnut-throated Spinetail Synallaxis cherriei

Necklaced Spinetail Synallaxis stictothorax

Chinchipe Spinetail Synallaxis chinchipensis

White-browed Spinetail Hellmayrea gularis

Line-cheeked Spinetail Cranioleuca antisiensis

Ash-browed Spinetail Cranioleuca curtata

Red-faced Spinetail Cranioleuca erythrops

Rusty-backed Spinetail Cranioleuca vulpina

Parker's Spinetail Cranioleuca vulpecula

Speckled Spinetail Cranioleuca gutturata

White-chinned Thistletail Schizoeaca fuliginosa

Mouse-colored Thistletail Schizoeaca griseomurina

Streak-backed Canastero Asthenes wyatti

Many-striped Canastero Asthenes flammulata

Plain Softtail Phacellodomus fusciceps

Common Thornbird Phacellodomus rufifrons

Orange-fronted Plushcrown Metopothrix aurantiacus

Equatorial Graytail Xenerpestes singularis

Double-banded Graytail Xenerpestes minlosi

Spectacled Prickletail Siptornis striaticollis

Rusty-winged Barbtail Premnornis guttuligera

Spotted Barbtail Premnoplex brunnescens

Fulvous-dotted Treerunner Margarornis stellatus

Pearled Treerunner Margarornis squamiger

Rufous-tailed Xenops Xenops milleri

Slender-billed Xenops Xenops tenuirostris

Plain Xenops Xenops minutus

Streaked Xenops Xenops rutilans

Montane Foliage-gleaner Anabacerthia striaticollis

Scaly-throated Foliage-gleaner Anabacerthia variegaticeps

Streaked Tuftedcheek Pseudocolaptes boissonneautii

Pacific Tuftedcheek Pseudocolaptes johnsoni

Flammulated Treehunter Thripadectes flammulatus

Striped Treehunter Thripadectes holostictus

Black-billed Treehunter Thripadectes melanorhynchus

Streak-capped Treehunter Thripadectes virgaticeps

Uniform Treehunter Thripadectes ignobilis

Lineated Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla subalaris

Buff-browed Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla rufosuperciliata

Rufous-necked Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla ruficollis

Point-tailed Palmcreeper Berlepschia rikeri

Striped Woodhaunter Hyloctistes subulatus

Chestnut-winged Hookbill Ancistrops strigilatus

Chestnut-winged Foliage-gleaner Philydor erythropterus

Rufous-rumped Foliage-gleaner Philydor erythrocercus

Rufous-tailed Foliage-gleaner Philydor ruficaudatus

Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner Philydor rufus

Cinnamon-rumped Foliage-gleaner Philydor pyrrhodes

Slaty-winged Foliage-gleaner Philydor fuscipennis

Crested Foliage-gleaner Automolus dorsalis

Chestnut-crowned Foliage-gleaner Automolus rufipileatus

Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner Automolus ochrolaemus

Olive-backed Foliage-gleaner Automolus infuscatus

Brown-rumped Foliage-gleaner Automolus melanopezus

Ruddy Foliage-gleaner Automolus rubiginosus

Henna-hooded Foliage-gleaner Hylocryptus erythrocephalus

Short-billed Leaftosser Sclerurus rufigularis

Tawny-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus mexicanus

Gray-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus albigularis

Black-tailed Leaftosser Sclerurus caudacutus

Scaly-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus guatemalensis

Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper Lochmias nematura

Woodcreepers

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Dendrocolaptidae

The Dendrocolaptidae are brownish birds and maintain an upright vertical posture, supported by their stiff tail vanes. They feed mainly on insects taken from tree trunks. There are 57 species worldwide and 28 species which occur in Ecuador.

Tyrannine Woodcreeper Dendrocincla tyrannina

Plain-brown Woodcreeper Dendrocincla fuliginosa

White-chinned Woodcreeper Dendrocincla merula

Long-tailed Woodcreeper Deconychura longicauda

Spot-throated Woodcreeper Deconychura stictolaema

Olivaceous Woodcreeper Sittasomus griseicapillus

Wedge-billed Woodcreeper Glyphorynchus spirurus

Long-billed Woodcreeper Nasica longirostris

Cinnamon-throated Woodcreeper Dendrexetastes rufigula

Strong-billed Woodcreeper Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus

Northern Barred-Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes sanctithomae

Amazonian Barred-Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes certhia

Black-banded Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes picumnus

Striped Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus obsoletus

Ocellated Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus ocellatus

Elegant Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus elegans

Buff-throated Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus guttatus

Black-striped Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus lachrymosus

Spotted Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus erythropygius

Olive-backed Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus triangularis

Straight-billed Woodcreeper Dendroplex picus

Streak-headed Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes souleyetii

Montane Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes lacrymiger

Lineated Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes albolineatus

Greater Scythebill Campylorhamphus pucherani

Red-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus trochilirostris

Brown-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus pusillus

Curve-billed Scythebill Campylorhamphus procurvoides

Typical antbirds

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Thamnophilidae

The antbirds are a large family of small passerine birds of subtropical and tropical Central and South America. They are forest birds, and tend to feed on insects at or near the ground. A sizable minority of them specialize in following columns of army ants to eat the small invertebrates that leave hiding to flee the ants.Many species lack bright colour; brown, black and white being the dominant tones. There are about 212 species worldwide and 96 species which occur in Ecuador.

Fasciated Antshrike Cymbilaimus lineatus

Undulated Antshrike Frederickena unduligera

Great Antshrike Taraba major

Collared Antshrike Sakesphorus bernardi

Barred Antshrike Thamnophilus doliatus

Chapman's Antshrike Thamnophilus zarumae

Lined Antshrike Thamnophilus tenuepunctatus

Cocha Antshrike Thamnophilus praecox (E)

Castelnau's Antshrike Thamnophilus cryptoleucus

White-shouldered Antshrike Thamnophilus aethiops

Uniform Antshrike Thamnophilus unicolor

Plain-winged Antshrike Thamnophilus schistaceus

Mouse-colored Antshrike Thamnophilus murinus

Western Slaty-Antshrike Thamnophilus atrinucha

Maranon Slaty-Antshrike Thamnophilus leucogaster

Amazonian Antshrike Thamnophilus amazonicus

Spot-winged Antshrike Pygiptila stellaris

Pearly Antshrike Megastictus margaritatus

Black Bushbird Neoctantes niger

Russet Antshrike Thamnistes anabatinus

Plain Antvireo Dysithamnus mentalis

Spot-crowned Antvireo Dysithamnus puncticeps

White-streaked Antvireo Dysithamnus leucostictus

Bicolored Antvireo Dysithamnus occidentalis

Dusky-throated Antshrike Thamnomanes ardesiacus

Cinereous Antshrike Thamnomanes caesius

Pygmy Antwren Myrmotherula brachyura

Moustached Antwren Myrmotherula ignota

Pacific Antwren Myrmotherula pacifica

Amazonian Antwren Myrmotherula multostriata

Stripe-chested Antwren Myrmotherula longicauda

Plain-throated Antwren Myrmotherula hauxwelli

Checker-throated Antwren Myrmotherula fulviventris

White-eyed Antwren Myrmotherula leucophthalma (A)

Brown-backed Antwren Myrmotherula fjeldsaai

Stipple-throated Antwren Myrmotherula haematonota

Foothill Antwren Myrmotherula spodionota

Ornate Antwren Myrmotherula ornata

Rufous-tailed Antwren Myrmotherula erythrura

White-flanked Antwren Myrmotherula axillaris

Slaty Antwren Myrmotherula schisticolor

Rio Suno Antwren Myrmotherula sunensis

Long-winged Antwren Myrmotherula longipennis

Plain-winged Antwren Myrmotherula behni

Gray Antwren Myrmotherula menetriesii

Banded Antwren Dichrozona cincta

Spot-tailed Antwren Herpsilochmus sticturus

Dugand's Antwren Herpsilochmus dugandi

Ancient Antwren Herpsilochmus gentryi

Yellow-breasted Antwren Herpsilochmus axillaris

Rufous-winged Antwren Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus

Dot-winged Antwren Microrhopias quixensis

Striated Antbird Drymophila devillei

Long-tailed Antbird Drymophila caudata

Rufous-rumped Antwren Terenura callinota

Chestnut-shouldered Antwren Terenura humeralis

Ash-winged Antwren Terenura spodioptila

Gray Antbird Cercomacra cinerascens

Dusky Antbird Cercomacra tyrannina

Blackish Antbird Cercomacra nigrescens

Black Antbird Cercomacra serva

Jet Antbird Cercomacra nigricans

White-backed Fire-eye Pyriglena leuconota

White-browed Antbird Myrmoborus leucophrys

Ash-breasted Antbird Myrmoborus lugubris

Black-faced Antbird Myrmoborus myotherinus

Warbling Antbird Hypocnemis cantator

Yellow-browed Antbird Hypocnemis hypoxantha

Black-chinned Antbird Hypocnemoides melanopogon

Black-and-white Antbird Myrmochanes hemileucus

Silvered Antbird Sclateria naevia

Slate-colored Antbird Percnostola schistacea

Spot-winged Antbird Percnostola leucostigma

Stub-tailed Antbird Myrmeciza berlepschi

Chestnut-backed Antbird Myrmeciza exsul

Esmeraldas Antbird Myrmeciza nigricauda

Northern Chestnut-tailed Antbird Myrmeciza castanea

Southern Chestnut-tailed Antbird Myrmeciza hemimelaena

Plumbeous Antbird Myrmeciza hyperythra

White-shouldered Antbird Myrmeciza melanoceps

Sooty Antbird Myrmeciza fortis

Immaculate Antbird Myrmeciza immaculata

Gray-headed Antbird Myrmeciza griseiceps

Black-throated Antbird Myrmeciza atrothorax

White-plumed Antbird Pithys albifrons

Bicolored Antbird Gymnopithys leucaspis

Lunulated Antbird Gymnopithys lunulata

Wing-banded Antbird Myrmornis torquata

Hairy-crested Antbird Rhegmatorhina melanosticta

Spotted Antbird Hylophylax naevioides

Spot-backed Antbird Hylophylax naevia

Dot-backed Antbird Hylophylax punctulata

Scale-backed Antbird Hylophylax poecilinota

Black-spotted Bare-eye Phlegopsis nigromaculata

Reddish-winged Bare-eye Phlegopsis erythroptera

Ocellated Antbird Phaenostictus mcleannani

Antthrushes and Antpittas

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Formicariidae

The ground antbirds are a family comprising the antthrushes and antpittas. Antthrushes resemble small rails while antpittas resemble the true pittas with longish strong legs, very short tails and stout bills. There are about 63 species worldwide and 30 species which occur in Ecuador.

Rufous-capped Antthrush Formicarius colma

Black-headed Antthrush Formicarius nigricapillus

Black-faced Antthrush Formicarius analis

Rufous-breasted Antthrush Formicarius rufipectus

Striated Antthrush Chamaeza nobilis

Short-tailed Antthrush Chamaeza campanisona

Barred Antthrush Chamaeza mollissima

Rufous-crowned Antpitta Pittasoma rufopileatum

Undulated Antpitta Grallaria squamigera

Giant Antpitta Grallaria gigantea

Scaled Antpitta Grallaria guatimalensis

Moustached Antpitta Grallaria alleni

Plain-backed Antpitta Grallaria haplonota

Ochre-striped Antpitta Grallaria dignissima

Chestnut-crowned Antpitta Grallaria ruficapilla

Watkins's Antpitta Grallaria watkinsi

Bicolored Antpitta Grallaria rufocinerea

Chestnut-naped Antpitta Grallaria nuchalis

Jocotoco Antpitta Grallaria ridgelyi (E)

Yellow-breasted Antpitta Grallaria flavotincta

White-bellied Antpitta Grallaria hypoleuca

Rufous Antpitta Grallaria rufula

Tawny Antpitta Grallaria quitensis

Streak-chested Antpitta Hylopezus perspicillatus

White-lored Antpitta Hylopezus fulviventris

Thrush-like Antpitta Myrmothera campanisona

Ochre-breasted Antpitta Grallaricula flavirostris

Peruvian Antpitta Grallaricula peruviana

Slate-crowned Antpitta Grallaricula nana

Crescent-faced Antpitta Grallaricula lineifrons

Gnateaters

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Conopophagidae

The gnateaters are round, short-tailed, and long-legged birds, which are closely related to the antbirds. There are 8 species worldwide, all found in South America, and 3 species which occur in Ecuador.

Chestnut-belted Gnateater Conopophaga aurita

Ash-throated Gnateater Conopophaga peruviana

Chestnut-crowned Gnateater Conopophaga castaneiceps

Tapaculos

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Rhinocryptidae

The tapaculos are a group of small suboscine passeriform birds with numerous species, found in South America. They are terrestrial species that fly only poorly on their short wings. They have strong legs, well-suited to their habitat of grassland or forest undergrowth. The tail is cocked and pointed towards the head. There are 56 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Ecuador.

Rusty-belted Tapaculo Liosceles thoracicus

Elegant Crescent-chest Melanopareia elegans

Maranon Crescent-chest Melanopareia maranonica

Ash-colored Tapaculo Myornis senilis

Unicolored Tapaculo Scytalopus unicolor

Blackish Tapaculo Scytalopus latrans

Rufous-vented Tapaculo Scytalopus femoralis

Long-tailed Tapaculo Scytalopus micropterus

White-crowned Tapaculo Scytalopus atratus

Narino Tapaculo Scytalopus vicinior

Spillman's Tapaculo Scytalopus spillmanni

Paramo Tapaculo Scytalopus opacus

Matorral Tapaculo Scytalopus griseicollis

Choco Tapaculo Scytalopus chocoensis

Ecuadorian Tapaculo Scytalopus robbinsi (E)

Chusquea Tapaculo Scytalopus parkeri (E)

Ocellated Tapaculo Acropternis orthonyx

Cotingas

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Cotingidae

The cotingas are birds of forests or forest edges of tropical South America. Comparatively little is known about this diverse group, although all have broad bills with hooked tips, rounded wings, and strong legs. The males of many of the species are brightly coloured, or decorated with plumes or wattles. There are 71 species worldwide and 31 species which occur in Ecuador

Sharpbill Oxyruncus cristatus

Black-necked Red-Cotinga Phoenicircus nigricollis

Shrike-like Cotinga Laniisoma elegans

Red-crested Cotinga Ampelion rubrocristata

Chestnut-crested Cotinga Ampelion rufaxilla

Chestnut-bellied Cotinga Doliornis remseni

Green-and-black Fruiteater Pipreola riefferii

Barred Fruiteater Pipreola arcuata

Orange-breasted Fruiteater Pipreola jucunda

Black-chested Fruiteater Pipreola lubomirskii

Fiery-throated Fruiteater Pipreola chlorolepidota

Scarlet-breasted Fruiteater Pipreola frontalis

Scaled Fruiteater Ampelioides tschudii

White-browed Purpletuft Iodopleura isabellae

Gray-tailed Piha Snowornis subalaris

Olivaceous Piha Snowornis cryptolophus

Dusky Piha Lipaugus fuscocinereus

Screaming Piha Lipaugus vociferans

Rufous Piha Lipaugus unirufus

Purple-throated Cotinga Porphyrolaema porphyrolaema

Blue Cotinga Cotinga nattererii

Plum-throated Cotinga Cotinga maynana

Spangled Cotinga Cotinga cayana

Pompadour Cotinga Xipholena punicea

Black-tipped Cotinga Carpodectes hopkei

Bare-necked Fruitcrow Gymnoderus foetidus

Purple-throated Fruitcrow Querula purpurata

Red-ruffed Fruitcrow Pyroderus scutatus

Long-wattled Umbrellabird Cephalopterus penduliger

Amazonian Umbrellabird Cephalopterus ornatus

Andean Cock-of-the-rock Rupicola peruviana

Manakins

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Pipridae

The manakins are a family bird species of subtropical and tropical mainland Central and South America, and Trinidad and Tobago. They are compact forest birds, the males typically being brightly coloured, although the females of most species are duller and usually green-plumaged. Manakins feed on small fruits, berries and insects. There are 57 species worldwide and 21 species which occur in Ecuador.

Jet Manakin Chloropipo unicolor

Green Manakin Chloropipo holochlora

Yellow-headed Manakin Chloropipo flavicapilla

Orange-collared Manakin Manacus aurantiacus

White-bearded Manakin Manacus manacus

Blue-backed Manakin Chiroxiphia pareola

Wire-tailed Manakin Pipra filicauda

White-crowned Manakin Dixiphia pipra

Blue-crowned Manakin Lepidothrix coronata

Golden-headed Manakin Pipra erythrocephala

Red-capped Manakin Pipra mentalis

Blue-rumped Manakin Lepidothrix isidorei

Golden-winged Manakin Masius chrysopterus

Western Striped Manakin Machaeropterus striolatus

Club-winged Manakin Machaeropterus deliciosus

Orange-crested Manakin Heterocercus aurantiivertex

Dwarf Tyrant-Manakin Tyranneutes stolzmanni

Wing-barred Piprites Piprites chloris

Sapayoa Sapayoa aenigma

Greater Schiffornis Schiffornis major

Thrush-like Schiffornis Schiffornis turdinus

Tyrant flycatchers

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Tyrannidae

Tyrant flycatchers are passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust with stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, have plain colouring. As the name implies, most are insectivorous. There are 429 species worldwide, all found only in the Americas and 211 species which occur in Ecuador.

White-lored Tyrannulet Ornithion inerme

Brown-capped Tyrannulet Ornithion brunneicapillus

Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet Camptostoma obsoletum

Mouse-colored Tyrannulet Phaeomyias murina

Yellow Tyrannulet Capsiempis flaveola

Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet Tyrannulus elatus

Forest Elaenia Myiopagis gaimardii

Foothill Elaenia Myiopagis olallai

Gray Elaenia Myiopagis caniceps

Pacific Elaenia Myiopagis subplacens

Yellow-crowned Elaenia Myiopagis flavivertex

Greenish Elaenia Myiopagis viridicata

Gray-and-white Tyrannulet Pseudelaenia leucospodia

Large Elaenia Elaenia spectabilis

Yellow-bellied Elaenia Elaenia flavogaster

White-crested Elaenia Elaenia albiceps

Small-billed Elaenia Elaenia parvirostris

Mottle-backed Elaenia Elaenia gigas

Lesser Elaenia Elaenia chiriquensis

Highland Elaenia Elaenia obscura

Sierran Elaenia Elaenia pallatangae

Torrent Tyrannulet Serpophaga cinerea

River Tyrannulet Serpophaga hypoleuca

Ochre-bellied Flycatcher Mionectes oleagineus

Streak-necked Flycatcher Mionectes striaticollis

Olive-striped Flycatcher Mionectes olivaceus

Rufous-breasted Flycatcher Leptopogon rufipectus

Sepia-capped Flycatcher Leptopogon amaurocephalus

Slaty-capped Flycatcher Leptopogon superciliaris

Bronze-olive Pygmy-Tyrant Pseudotriccus pelzelni

Rufous-headed Pygmy-Tyrant Pseudotriccus ruficeps

Variegated Bristle-Tyrant Pogonotriccus poecilotis

Marble-faced Bristle-Tyrant Pogonotriccus ophthalmicus

Spectacled Bristle-Tyrant Pogonotriccus orbitalis

Ecuadorian Tyrannulet Phylloscartes gualaquizae

Rufous-browed Tyrannulet Phylloscartes superciliaris

Rough-legged Tyrannulet Phyllomyias burmeisteri

Sooty-headed Tyrannulet Phyllomyias griseiceps

Plumbeous-crowned Tyrannulet Phyllomyias plumbeiceps

Black-capped Tyrannulet Phyllomyias nigrocapillus

Ashy-headed Tyrannulet Phyllomyias cinereiceps

Tawny-rumped Tyrannulet Phyllomyias uropygialis

Red-billed Tyrannulet Zimmerius cinereicapillus

Slender-footed Tyrannulet Zimmerius gracilipes

Golden-faced Tyrannulet Zimmerius chrysops

Amazonian Scrub-Flycatcher Sublegatus obscurior

White-throated Tyrannulet Mecocerculus leucophrys

White-tailed Tyrannulet Mecocerculus poecilocercus

Rufous-winged Tyrannulet Mecocerculus calopterus

Sulphur-bellied Tyrannulet Mecocerculus minor

White-banded Tyrannulet Mecocerculus stictopterus

Lesser Wagtail-Tyrant Stigmatura napensis

Agile Tit-Tyrant Anairetes agilis

Black-crested Tit-Tyrant Anairetes nigrocristatus

Tufted Tit-Tyrant Anairetes parulus

Subtropical Doradito Pseudocolopteryx acutipennis

Tawny-crowned Pygmy-Tyrant Euscarthmus meloryphus

Black-capped Pygmy-Tyrant Myiornis atricapillus

Short-tailed Pygmy-Tyrant Myiornis ecaudatus

Scale-crested Pygmy-Tyrant Lophotriccus pileatus

Double-banded Pygmy-Tyrant Lophotriccus vitiosus

Rufous-crowned Tody-Tyrant Poecilotriccus ruficeps

Black-and-white Tody-Tyrant Poecilotriccus capitalis

Rusty-fronted Tody-Flycatcher Poecilotriccus latirostris

White-eyed Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus zosterops

Zimmer's Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus minimus

Black-throated Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus granadensis

Buff-throated Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus rufigularis

Cinnamon-breasted Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus cinnamomeipectus

Common Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum cinereum

Spotted Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum maculatum

Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum nigriceps

Golden-winged Tody-Flycatcher Poecilotriccus calopterus

Yellow-browed Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum chrysocrotaphum

Ringed Antpipit Corythopis torquata

Brownish Flycatcher Cnipodectes subbrunneus

Large-headed Flatbill Ramphotrigon megacephala

Dusky-tailed Flatbill Ramphotrigon fuscicauda

Rufous-tailed Flatbill Ramphotrigon ruficauda

Pacific Flatbill Rhynchocyclus pacificus

Olivaceous Flatbill Rhynchocyclus olivaceus

Fulvous-breasted Flatbill Rhynchocyclus fulvipectus

Yellow-olive Flycatcher Tolmomyias sulphurescens

Yellow-margined Flycatcher Tolmomyias assimilis

Gray-crowned Flycatcher Tolmomyias poliocephalus

Orange-eyed Flycatcher Tolmomyias traylori

Yellow-breasted Flycatcher Tolmomyias flaviventris

Cinnamon-crested Spadebill Platyrinchus saturatus

Yellow-throated Spadebill Platyrinchus flavigularis

Golden-crowned Spadebill Platyrinchus coronatus

White-throated Spadebill Platyrinchus mystaceus

White-crested Spadebill Platyrinchus platyrhynchos

Amazonian Royal-Flycatcher Onychorhynchus coronatus

Pacific Royal-Flycatcher Onychorhynchus occidentalis (E)

Ornate Flycatcher Myiotriccus ornatus

Flavescent Flycatcher Myiophobus flavicans

Orange-crested Flycatcher Myiophobus phoenicomitra

Roraiman Flycatcher Myiophobus roraimae

Handsome Flycatcher Myiophobus pulcher

Orange-banded Flycatcher Myiophobus lintoni

Bran-colored Flycatcher Myiophobus fasciatus

Olive-chested Flycatcher Myiophobus cryptoxanthus

Ruddy-tailed Flycatcher Terenotriccus erythrurus

Tawny-breasted Flycatcher Myiobius villosus

Sulphur-rumped Flycatcher Myiobius sulphureipygius

Whiskered Flycatcher Myiobius barbatus

Black-tailed Flycatcher Myiobius atricaudus

Cinnamon Tyrant Neopipo cinnamomea

Cinnamon Flycatcher Pyrrhomyias cinnamomea

Cliff Flycatcher Hirundinea ferruginea

Fuscous Flycatcher Cnemotriccus fuscatus

Euler's Flycatcher Lathrotriccus euleri

Gray-breasted Flycatcher Lathrotriccus griseipectus

Tufted Flycatcher Mitrephanes phaeocercus

Olive Flycatcher Mitrephanes olivaceus

Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus cooperi

Smoke-colored Pewee Contopus fumigatus

Western Wood-Pewee Contopus sordidulus

Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens

Tropical Pewee Contopus cinereus

Blackish Pewee Contopus nigrescens

Acadian Flycatcher Empidonax virescens

Alder Flycatcher Empidonax alnorum

Willow Flycatcher Empidonax traillii

Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans

Vermilion Flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus

Crowned Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca frontalis

Jelski's Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca jelskii

Yellow-bellied Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca diadema

Slaty-backed Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris

Rufous-breasted Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca rufipectoralis

Brown-backed Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca fumicolor

White-browed Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca leucophrys

Drab Water-Tyrant Ochthornis littoralis

Red-rumped Bush-Tyrant Cnemarchus erythropygius

Streak-throated Bush-Tyrant Myiotheretes striaticollis

Smoky Bush-Tyrant Myiotheretes fumigatus

Black-billed Shrike-Tyrant Agriornis montana

White-tailed Shrike-Tyrant Agriornis andicola

Spot-billed Ground-Tyrant Muscisaxicola maculirostris

Little Ground-Tyrant Muscisaxicola fluviatilis

Dark-faced Ground-Tyrant Muscisaxicola maclovianus (A)

White-browed Ground-Tyrant Muscisaxicola albilora

Plain-capped Ground-Tyrant Muscisaxicola alpinus

Short-tailed Field-Tyrant Muscigralla brevicauda

Amazonian Black-Tyrant Knipolegus poecilocercus

Andean Tyrant Knipolegus signatus

Rufous-tailed Tyrant Knipolegus poecilurus

Riverside Tyrant Knipolegus orenocensis

Pied Water-Tyrant Fluvicola pica

Black-backed Water-Tyrant Fluvicola albiventer

Masked Water-Tyrant Fluvicola nengeta

White-headed Marsh-Tyrant Arundinicola leucocephala

Long-tailed Tyrant Colonia colonus

Cinnamon Attila Attila cinnamomeus

Ochraceous Attila Attila torridus

Citron-bellied Attila Attila citriniventris

Bright-rumped Attila Attila spadiceus

Dull-capped Attila Attila bolivianus

Speckled Mourner Laniocera rufescens

Cinereous Mourner Laniocera hypopyrra

Sirystes Sirystes sibilator

Rufous Mourner Rhytipterna holerythra

Grayish Mourner Rhytipterna simplex

Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer

Swainson's Flycatcher Myiarchus swainsoni

Short-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus ferox

Pale-edged Flycatcher Myiarchus cephalotes

Sooty-crowned Flycatcher Myiarchus phaeocephalus

Great Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus

Galapagos Flycatcher Myiarchus magnirostris

Lesser Kiskadee Philohydor lictor

Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus

Boat-billed Flycatcher Megarynchus pitangua

Rusty-margined Flycatcher Myiozetetes cayanensis

Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis

Gray-capped Flycatcher Myiozetetes granadensis

Dusky-chested Flycatcher Myiozetetes luteiventris

White-ringed Flycatcher Conopias albovittata

Three-striped Flycatcher Conopias trivirgata

Yellow-throated Flycatcher Conopias parva

Lemon-browed Flycatcher Conopias cinchoneti

Golden-crowned Flycatcher Myiodynastes chrysocephalus

Baird's Flycatcher Myiodynastes bairdii

Streaked Flycatcher Myiodynastes maculatus

Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher Myiodynastes luteiventris

Piratic Flycatcher Legatus leucophaius

Variegated Flycatcher Empidonomus varius

Crowned Slaty Flycatcher Griseotyrannus aurantioatrocristatus

Sulphury Flycatcher Tyrannopsis sulphurea

Snowy-throated Kingbird Tyrannus niveigularis

White-throated Kingbird Tyrannus albogularis

Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus

Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus

Gray Kingbird Tyrannus dominicensis (A)

Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana

Chestnut-crowned Becard Pachyramphus castaneus

Yellow-cheeked Becard Pachyramphus xanthogenys

Barred Becard Pachyramphus versicolor

Cinnamon Becard Pachyramphus cinnamomeus

White-winged Becard Pachyramphus polychopterus

Black-and-white Becard Pachyramphus albogriseus

Black-capped Becard Pachyramphus marginatus

Cinereous Becard Pachyramphus rufus

Slaty Becard Pachyramphus spodiurus

Pink-throated Becard Pachyramphus minor

One-colored Becard Pachyramphus homochrous

Crested Becard Pachyramphus validus

Black-tailed Tityra Tityra cayana

Masked Tityra Tityra semifasciata

Black-crowned Tityra Tityra inquisitor

Swallows and Martins

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Hirundinidae

The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Ecuador.

Brown-chested Martin Progne tapera

Purple Martin Progne subis

Gray-breasted Martin Progne chalybea

Southern Martin Progne elegans

Galapagos Martin Progne modesta

Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor

Tumbes Swallow Tachycineta stolzmanni

White-winged Swallow Tachycineta albiventer

Blue-and-white Swallow Notiochelidon cyanoleuca

Brown-bellied Swallow Notiochelidon murina

Pale-footed Swallow Notiochelidon flavipes

White-banded Swallow Atticora fasciata

White-thighed Swallow Neochelidon tibialis

Southern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx ruficollis

Bank Swallow Riparia riparia

Cliff Swallow Petrochelidon pyrrhonota

Chestnut-collared Swallow Petrochelidon rufocollaris

Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica

Wagtails and Pipits

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Motacillidae

The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Paramo Pipit Anthus bogotensis

Waxwings

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of passerine birds characterized by soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and Cedar Waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax, and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter. There are 3 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum

Dippers

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Cinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements. There are 5 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

White-capped Dipper Cinclus leucocephalus

Wrens

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Troglodytidae

The wrens are mainly small and inconspicuous except for their loud songs. These birds have short wings and a thin down-turned bill. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous. There are 80 species worldwide (of which all but one are New World species) and 25 species which occur in Ecuador.

Black-capped Donacobius Donacobius atricapilla

Band-backed Wren Campylorhynchus zonatus

Thrush-like Wren Campylorhynchus turdinus

Fasciated Wren Campylorhynchus fasciatus

Gray-mantled Wren Odontorchilus branickii

Rufous Wren Cinnycerthia unirufa

Sharpe's Wren Cinnycerthia olivascens

Whiskered Wren Thryothorus mystacalis

Plain-tailed Wren Thryothorus euophrys

Coraya Wren Thryothorus coraya

Speckle-breasted Wren Thryothorus sclateri

Bay Wren Thryothorus nigricapillus

Stripe-throated Wren Thryothorus leucopogon

Buff-breasted Wren Thryothorus leucotis

Superciliated Wren Thryothorus superciliaris

House Wren Troglodytes aedon

Mountain Wren Troglodytes solstitialis

Sedge Wren Cistothorus platensis

White-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucosticta

Gray-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucophrys

Scaly-breasted Wren Microcerculus marginatus

Wing-banded Wren Microcerculus bambla

Song Wren Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus

Chestnut-breasted Wren Cyphorhinus thoracicus

Musician Wren Cyphorhinus aradus

Mockingbirds and Thrashers

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Mimidae

The mimids are a family of passerine birds that includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalizations, especially their ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. Their colouring tends towards dull greys and browns . There are 35 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Ecuador.

Tropical Mockingbird Mimus gilvus

Long-tailed Mockingbird Mimus longicaudatus

Galapagos Mockingbird Nesomimus parvulus

Charles Mockingbird Nesomimus trifasciatus

Hood Mockingbird Nesomimus macdonaldi

San Cristobal Mockingbird Nesomimus melanotis

Thrushes and allies

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in Ecuador.

Andean Solitaire Myadestes ralloides

Rufous-brown Solitaire Cichlopsis leucogenys

Black Solitaire Entomodestes coracinus

Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush Catharus fuscater

Spotted Nightingale-Thrush Catharus dryas

Gray-cheeked Thrush Catharus minimus

Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus

Pale-eyed Thrush Platycichla leucops

Chiguanco Thrush Turdus chiguanco

Great Thrush Turdus fuscater

Glossy-black Thrush Turdus serranus

Andean Slaty-Thrush Turdus nigriceps (A)

Plumbeous-backed Thrush Turdus reevei

Maranon Thrush Turdus maranonicus

Chestnut-bellied Thrush Turdus fulviventris

Black-billed Thrush Turdus ignobilis

Lawrence's Thrush Turdus lawrencii

Pale-vented Thrush Turdus obsoletus

Hauxwell's Thrush Turdus hauxwelli

Ecuadorian Thrush Turdus maculirostris

White-throated Thrush Turdus assimilis

White-necked Thrush Turdus albicollis

Gnatcatchers

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Polioptilidae

These dainty birds resemble Old World warblers in their build and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. The gnatcatchers and gnatwrens are mainly soft bluish grey in colour, and have the typical insectivore's long sharp bill. They are birds of fairly open woodland or scrub, and nest in bushes or trees. There are 15 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Ecuador.

Collared Gnatwren Microbates collaris

Tawny-faced Gnatwren Microbates cinereiventris

Long-billed Gnatwren Ramphocaenus melanurus

Tropical Gnatcatcher Polioptila plumbea

Slate-throated Gnatcatcher Polioptila schistaceigula

Crows, Jays, Ravens and Magpies

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Corvidae

The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behavior. There are 120 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Ecuador.

Green Jay Cyanocorax yncas

Violaceous Jay Cyanocorax violaceus

White-tailed Jay Cyanocorax mystacalis

Black-collared Jay Cyanolyca armillata

Turquoise Jay Cyanolyca turcosa

Beautiful Jay Cyanolyca pulchra

Vireos

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Vireonidae

The vireos are a group of small to medium sized passerine birds restricted to the New World. They are typically greenish in colour and resemble wood warblers apart from their heavier bills. There are 52 species worldwide and 13 species which occur in Ecuador.

Brown-capped Vireo Vireo leucophrys

Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus

Choco Vireo Vireo masteri (A)

Yellow-green Vireo Vireo flavoviridis

Lemon-chested Greenlet Hylophilus thoracicus

Dusky-capped Greenlet Hylophilus hypoxanthus

Rufous-naped Greenlet Hylophilus semibrunneus

Olivaceous Greenlet Hylophilus olivaceus

Tawny-crowned Greenlet Hylophilus ochraceiceps

Lesser Greenlet Hylophilus decurtatus

Slaty-capped Shrike-Vireo Vireolanius leucotis

Rufous-browed Peppershrike Cyclarhis gujanensis

Black-billed Peppershrike Cyclarhis nigrirostris

New World warblers

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Parulidae

The New World warblers are a group of small, often colourful, passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. There are 119 species worldwide and 30 species which occur in Ecuador.

Golden-winged Warbler Vermivora chrysoptera (A)

Tennessee Warbler Vermivora peregrina

Tropical Parula Parula pitiayumi

Yellow Warbler Dendroica petechia

Chestnut-sided Warbler Dendroica pensylvanica

Black-throated Blue Warbler Dendroica caerulescens (A)

Black-throated Green Warbler Dendroica virens

Blackburnian Warbler Dendroica fusca

Bay-breasted Warbler Dendroica castanea

Blackpoll Warbler Dendroica striata

Cerulean Warbler Dendroica cerulea

Black-and-white Warbler Mniotilta varia

American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla

Prothonotary Warbler Protonotaria citrea

Ovenbird Seiurus aurocapilla

Northern Waterthrush Seiurus noveboracensis

Connecticut Warbler Oporornis agilis

Mourning Warbler Oporornis philadelphia

Olive-crowned Yellowthroat Geothlypis semiflava

Masked Yellowthroat Geothlypis aequinoctialis

Canada Warbler Wilsonia canadensis

Slate-throated Redstart Myioborus miniatus

Spectacled Redstart Myioborus melanocephalus

Gray-and-gold Warbler Basileuterus fraseri

Choco Warbler Basileuterus chlorophrys

Citrine Warbler Basileuterus luteoviridis

Black-crested Warbler Basileuterus nigrocristatus

Russet-crowned Warbler Basileuterus coronatus

Three-banded Warbler Basileuterus trifasciatus

Three-striped Warbler Basileuterus tristriatus

Buff-rumped Warbler Basileuterus fulvicauda

Bananaquit

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Coerebidae

The Bananaquit is a small passerine bird. It has a slender, curved bill, adapted to taking nectar from flowers and is the only member of the genus Coereba and is normally placed within the family Coerebidae, although there is uncertainty whether that placement is correct.

Bananaquit Coereba flaveola

Tanagers

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Thraupidae

The tanagers are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly coloured. They are seed eaters, but their preference tends towards fruit and nectar. Most have short, rounded wings. There are 256 species worldwide and 135 species which occur in Ecuador.

Chestnut-vented Conebill Conirostrum speciosum

Bicolored Conebill Conirostrum bicolor

Cinereous Conebill Conirostrum cinereum

Blue-backed Conebill Conirostrum sitticolor

Capped Conebill Conirostrum albifrons

Giant Conebill Oreomanes fraseri

Black-faced Tanager Schistochlamys melanopis

Black-and-white Tanager Conothraupis speculigera

Magpie Tanager Cissopis leveriana

Grass-green Tanager Chlorornis riefferii

White-capped Tanager Sericossypha albocristata

Common Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus ophthalmicus

Dusky Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus semifuscus

Short-billed Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus parvirostris

Yellow-throated Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus flavigularis

Yellow-green Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus flavovirens

Ashy-throated Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus canigularis

Gray-hooded Bush-Tanager Cnemoscopus rubrirostris

Black-capped Hemispingus Hemispingus atropileus

Superciliaried Hemispingus Hemispingus superciliaris

Oleaginous Hemispingus Hemispingus frontalis

Black-eared Hemispingus Hemispingus melanotis

Black-headed Hemispingus Hemispingus verticalis

Rufous-chested Tanager Thlypopsis ornata

Orange-headed Tanager Thlypopsis sordida

Buff-bellied Tanager Thlypopsis inornata

Guira Tanager Hemithraupis guira

Yellow-backed Tanager Hemithraupis flavicollis

Scarlet-and-white Tanager Chrysothlypis salmoni

Dusky-faced Tanager Mitrospingus cassinii

Olive Tanager Chlorothraupis carmioli

Lemon-spectacled Tanager Chlorothraupis olivacea

Ochre-breasted Tanager Chlorothraupis stolzmanni

Gray-headed Tanager Eucometis penicillata

Fulvous Shrike-Tanager Lanio fulvus

Rufous-crested Tanager Creurgops verticalis

Scarlet-browed Tanager Heterospingus xanthopygius

Flame-crested Tanager Tachyphonus cristatus

Fulvous-crested Tanager Tachyphonus surinamus

White-shouldered Tanager Tachyphonus luctuosus

Tawny-crested Tanager Tachyphonus delatrii

White-lined Tanager Tachyphonus rufus

Red-shouldered Tanager Tachyphonus phoenicius

Red-crowned Ant-Tanager Habia rubica

Hepatic Tanager Piranga flava

Scarlet Tanager Piranga olivacea

Summer Tanager Piranga rubra

White-winged Tanager Piranga leucoptera

Red-hooded Tanager Piranga rubriceps

Vermilion Tanager Calochaetes coccineus

Masked Crimson Tanager Ramphocelus nigrogularis

Silver-beaked Tanager Ramphocelus carbo

Flame-rumped Tanager Ramphocelus flammigerus

Blue-gray Tanager Thraupis episcopus

Blue-capped Tanager Thraupis cyanocephala

Blue-and-yellow Tanager Thraupis bonariensis

Palm Tanager Thraupis palmarum

Golden-chested Tanager Bangsia rothschildi

Moss-backed Tanager Bangsia edwardsi

Hooded Mountain-Tanager Buthraupis montana

Black-chested Mountain-Tanager Buthraupis eximia

Masked Mountain-Tanager Buthraupis wetmorei

Orange-throated Tanager Wetmorethraupis sterrhopteron (A)

Lacrimose Mountain-Tanager Anisognathus lacrymosus

Scarlet-bellied Mountain-Tanager Anisognathus igniventris

Blue-winged Mountain-Tanager Anisognathus somptuosus

Black-chinned Mountain-Tanager Anisognathus notabilis

Purplish-mantled Tanager Iridosornis porphyrocephala

Yellow-throated Tanager Iridosornis analis

Golden-crowned Tanager Iridosornis rufivertex

Yellow-scarfed Tanager Iridosornis reinhardti

Buff-breasted Mountain-Tanager Dubusia taeniata

Fawn-breasted Tanager Pipraeidea melanonota

Purple-throated Euphonia Euphonia chlorotica

Orange-crowned Euphonia Euphonia saturata

Thick-billed Euphonia Euphonia laniirostris

Golden-rumped Euphonia Euphonia cyanocephala

Fulvous-vented Euphonia Euphonia fulvicrissa

Bronze-green Euphonia Euphonia mesochrysa

White-lored Euphonia Euphonia chrysopasta

White-vented Euphonia Euphonia minuta

Orange-bellied Euphonia Euphonia xanthogaster

Rufous-bellied Euphonia Euphonia rufiventris

Yellow-collared Chlorophonia Chlorophonia flavirostris

Blue-naped Chlorophonia Chlorophonia cyanea

Chestnut-breasted Chlorophonia Chlorophonia pyrrhophrys

Glistening-green Tanager Chlorochrysa phoenicotis

Orange-eared Tanager Chlorochrysa calliparaea

Turquoise Tanager Tangara mexicana

Gray-and-gold Tanager Tangara palmeri

Paradise Tanager Tangara chilensis

Blue-whiskered Tanager Tangara johannae

Green-and-gold Tanager Tangara schrankii

Emerald Tanager Tangara florida

Golden Tanager Tangara arthus

Silver-throated Tanager Tangara icterocephala

Golden-eared Tanager Tangara chrysotis

Saffron-crowned Tanager Tangara xanthocephala

Flame-faced Tanager Tangara parzudakii

Yellow-bellied Tanager Tangara xanthogastra

Spotted Tanager Tangara punctata

Rufous-throated Tanager Tangara rufigula

Bay-headed Tanager Tangara gyrola

Rufous-winged Tanager Tangara lavinia

Scrub Tanager Tangara vitriolina

Golden-naped Tanager Tangara ruficervix

Metallic-green Tanager Tangara labradorides

Blue-browed Tanager Tangara cyanotis

Blue-necked Tanager Tangara cyanicollis

Golden-hooded Tanager Tangara larvata

Masked Tanager Tangara nigrocincta

Beryl-spangled Tanager Tangara nigroviridis

Blue-and-black Tanager Tangara vassorii

Black-capped Tanager Tangara heinei

Silver-backed Tanager Tangara viridicollis

Straw-backed Tanager Tangara argyrofenges

Opal-rumped Tanager Tangara velia

Opal-crowned Tanager Tangara callophrys

Golden-collared Honeycreeper Iridophanes pulcherrima

White-bellied Dacnis Dacnis albiventris

Black-faced Dacnis Dacnis lineata

Yellow-bellied Dacnis Dacnis flaviventer

Scarlet-thighed Dacnis Dacnis venusta

Blue Dacnis Dacnis cayana

Scarlet-breasted Dacnis Dacnis berlepschi

Green Honeycreeper Chlorophanes spiza

Short-billed Honeycreeper Cyanerpes nitidus

Purple Honeycreeper Cyanerpes caeruleus

Red-legged Honeycreeper Cyanerpes cyaneus

Tit-like Dacnis Xenodacnis parina

Swallow-Tanager Tersina viridis

Plush-capped Finch Catamblyrhynchus diadema

Tanager Finch Oreothraupis arremonops

Black-backed Bush-Tanager Urothraupis stolzmanni

Piura Hemispingus Hemispingus piurae

Buntings, Sparrows, Seedeaters and allies

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are species 275 worldwide and 78 species which occur in Ecuador.

Red-crested Finch Coryphospingus cucullatus

Crimson-breasted Finch Rhodospingus cruentus

Plumbeous Sierra-Finch Phrygilus unicolor

Band-tailed Sierra-Finch Phrygilus alaudinus

Ash-breasted Sierra-Finch Phrygilus plebejus

Cinereous Finch Piezorhina cinerea

Collared Warbling-Finch Poospiza hispaniolensis

Blue-black Grassquit Volatinia jacarina

Slate-colored Seedeater Sporophila schistacea

Caqueta Seedeater Sporophila murallae

Wing-barred Seedeater Sporophila americana

Variable Seedeater Sporophila corvina

Lesson's Seedeater Sporophila bouvronides

Lined Seedeater Sporophila lineola

Black-and-white Seedeater Sporophila luctuosa

Yellow-bellied Seedeater Sporophila nigricollis

Drab Seedeater Sporophila simplex

Parrot-billed Seedeater Sporophila peruviana

Ruddy-breasted Seedeater Sporophila minuta

Chestnut-bellied Seedeater Sporophila castaneiventris

Chestnut-throated Seedeater Sporophila telasco

Large-billed Seed-Finch Oryzoborus crassirostris

Black-billed Seed-Finch Oryzoborus atrirostris

Great-billed Seed-Finch Oryzoborus maximiliani

Chestnut-bellied Seed-Finch Oryzoborus angolensis

Thick-billed Seed-Finch Oryzoborus funereus

Blue Seedeater Amaurospiza concolor

Band-tailed Seedeater Catamenia analis

Plain-colored Seedeater Catamenia inornata

Paramo Seedeater Catamenia homochroa

Dull-colored Grassquit Tiaris obscura

Yellow-faced Grassquit Tiaris olivacea

Slaty Finch Haplospiza rustica

Rusty Flower-piercer Diglossa sittoides

White-sided Flower-piercer Diglossa albilatera

Glossy Flower-piercer Diglossa lafresnayii

Black Flower-piercer Diglossa humeralis

Black-throated Flower-piercer Diglossa brunneiventris

Indigo Flower-piercer Diglossopis indigotica

Deep-blue Flower-piercer Diglossopis glauca

Bluish Flower-piercer Diglossopis caerulescens

Masked Flower-piercer Diglossopis cyanea

Saffron Finch Sicalis flaveola

Grassland Yellow-Finch Sicalis luteola

Sulphur-throated Finch Sicalis taczanowskii

Red-capped Cardinal Paroaria gularis

Olive Finch Lysurus castaneiceps

Pale-naped Brush-Finch Atlapetes pallidinucha

Yellow-breasted Brush-Finch Atlapetes latinuchus

Slaty Brush-Finch Atlapetes schistaceus

White-rimmed Brush-Finch Atlapetes leucopis

Tricolored Brush-Finch Atlapetes tricolor

Bay-crowned Brush-Finch Atlapetes seebohmi

White-winged Brush-Finch Atlapetes leucopterus

White-headed Brush-Finch Atlapetes albiceps

Pale-headed Brush-Finch Atlapetes pallidiceps (E)

Chestnut-capped Brush-Finch Buarremon brunneinucha

Stripe-headed Brush-Finch Buarremon torquatus

Orange-billed Sparrow Arremon aurantiirostris

Black-capped Sparrow Arremon abeillei

Black-striped Sparrow Arremonops conirostris

Tumbes Sparrow Aimophila stolzmanni

Grasshopper Sparrow Ammodramus savannarum

Yellow-browed Sparrow Ammodramus aurifrons

Rufous-collared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis

Large Ground-Finch Geospiza magnirostris

Medium Ground-Finch Geospiza fortis

Small Ground-Finch Geospiza fuliginosa

Sharp-beaked Ground-Finch Geospiza difficilis

Common Cactus-Finch Geospiza scandens

Large Cactus-Finch Geospiza conirostris

Vegetarian Finch Camarhynchus crassirostris

Mangrove Finch Camarhynchus heliobates

Large Tree-Finch Camarhynchus psittacula

Small Tree-Finch Camarhynchus parvulus

Medium Tree-Finch Camarhynchus pauper

Woodpecker Finch Camarhynchus pallidus

Warbler Finch Certhidea olivacea

Saltators, Cardinals and allies

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Cardinalidae

The cardinals are a family of passerine birds that are robust, seed-eating birds, with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages. There are 43 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in Ecuador.

Streaked Saltator Saltator striatipectus

Grayish Saltator Saltator coerulescens

Buff-throated Saltator Saltator maximus

Slate-colored Grosbeak Saltator grossus

Black-winged Saltator Saltator atripennis

Black-cowled Saltator Saltator nigriceps

Golden-billed Saltator Saltator aurantiirostris

Masked Saltator Saltator cinctus

Yellow-shouldered Grosbeak Parkerthraustes humeralis

Golden-bellied Grosbeak Pheucticus chrysogaster

Black-backed Grosbeak Pheucticus aureoventris

Rose-breasted Grosbeak Pheucticus ludovicianus (A)

Blue-black Grosbeak Cyanocompsa cyanoides

Blue Grosbeak Passerina caerulea (A)

Dickcissel Spiza americana

Troupials and allies

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Icteridae

The icterids are a group of small to medium, often colourful, passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as the predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red. There are 98 species worldwide and 30 species which occur in Ecuador.

Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus

Pale-eyed Blackbird Agelasticus xanthophthalmus

Red-breasted Blackbird Sturnella militaris

Peruvian Meadowlark Sturnella bellicosa

Scrub Blackbird Dives warszewiczi

Great-tailed Grackle Quiscalus mexicanus

Shiny Cowbird Molothrus bonariensis

Giant Cowbird Molothrus oryzivorus

Moriche Oriole Icterus chrysocephalus

Yellow-tailed Oriole Icterus mesomelas

White-edged Oriole Icterus graceannae

Venezuelan Troupial Icterus icterus

Baltimore Oriole Icterus galbula (A)

Yellow-billed Cacique Amblycercus holosericeus

Yellow-rumped Cacique Cacicus cela

Red-rumped Cacique Cacicus haemorrhous

Scarlet-rumped Cacique Cacicus uropygialis

Mountain Cacique Cacicus chrysonotus

Ecuadorian Cacique Cacicus sclateri

Solitary Cacique Cacicus solitarius

Casqued Oropendola Psarocolius oseryi

Crested Oropendola Psarocolius decumanus

Green Oropendola Psarocolius viridis

Russet-backed Oropendola Psarocolius angustifrons

Chestnut-headed Oropendola Psarocolius wagleri

Band-tailed Oropendola Ocyalus latirostris

Amazonian Oropendola Gymnostinops bifasciatus

Oriole Blackbird Gymnomystax mexicanus

Velvet-fronted Grackle Lampropsar tanagrinus

Orange-backed Troupial Icterus croconotus

Siskins, Crossbills and allies

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have 12 tail feathers and 9 primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. There are 137 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Ecuador.

Andean Siskin Carduelis spinescens

Hooded Siskin Carduelis magellanica

Yellow-bellied Siskin Carduelis xanthogastra

Saffron Siskin Carduelis siemiradzkii

Olivaceous Siskin Carduelis olivacea

Lesser Goldfinch Carduelis psaltria

Sparrows

Order: Passeriformes

Family: Passeridae

Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Ecuador.

House Sparrow Passer domesticus (I)

See also

List of birds

Lists of birds by region

External links

Birds of Ecuador Birdlist, multi-lingual website by country with standardized codes for abundance and seasonal presence.

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article List of birds of Ecuador

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